Prove that $sum_{n=1}^{infty} big(frac{1}{4}big)^n {2n choose n}$ diverges [duplicate]












6












$begingroup$



This question already has an answer here:




  • Show that $sum_{n=1}^{infty} frac{(2n)!}{4^n(n!)^2}$ is divergent

    5 answers




I need to prove that the following series $$ sum_{n=1}^{infty} bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}$$ diverges.



I've managed to change it to the following formula: $$ 4^n=(1+1)^{2n}=bigg(sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}bigg)^2 text{ and } {2nchoose n}=sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}^2 text{ so }$$ $$sum_{n=1}^infty bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n} =sum_{n=1}^infty frac{sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}^2}{left(sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}right)^2} $$ Where do I go from here? I know that the limit of series' sequence goes to $0$ but that isn't helpful really since I need to prove that it diverges.



Also all the ratio tests and root test are inconclusive. I already checked that. Think of 4 as variable $a$. I need to check for which $a$ this series converges. I already know that for $a>4$ it does, but I need to prove that for $a=4$ it diverges. There was a mistake in my calculating of limit in Raabe's test which concluded that this series is indeed divergent.










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marked as duplicate by Nosrati, Xander Henderson, Lord Shark the Unknown, user10354138, Cesareo Dec 9 '18 at 9:30


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.


















  • $begingroup$
    Try bounding your last term by the RMS inequality.
    $endgroup$
    – siddharth64
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:31






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Use either Stirling formula (for a one-liner) or a refinement of the ratio test called the Raabe's test.
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:42








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    See here: math.stackexchange.com/q/2857889/515527
    $endgroup$
    – Zacky
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:17
















6












$begingroup$



This question already has an answer here:




  • Show that $sum_{n=1}^{infty} frac{(2n)!}{4^n(n!)^2}$ is divergent

    5 answers




I need to prove that the following series $$ sum_{n=1}^{infty} bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}$$ diverges.



I've managed to change it to the following formula: $$ 4^n=(1+1)^{2n}=bigg(sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}bigg)^2 text{ and } {2nchoose n}=sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}^2 text{ so }$$ $$sum_{n=1}^infty bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n} =sum_{n=1}^infty frac{sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}^2}{left(sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}right)^2} $$ Where do I go from here? I know that the limit of series' sequence goes to $0$ but that isn't helpful really since I need to prove that it diverges.



Also all the ratio tests and root test are inconclusive. I already checked that. Think of 4 as variable $a$. I need to check for which $a$ this series converges. I already know that for $a>4$ it does, but I need to prove that for $a=4$ it diverges. There was a mistake in my calculating of limit in Raabe's test which concluded that this series is indeed divergent.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$



marked as duplicate by Nosrati, Xander Henderson, Lord Shark the Unknown, user10354138, Cesareo Dec 9 '18 at 9:30


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.


















  • $begingroup$
    Try bounding your last term by the RMS inequality.
    $endgroup$
    – siddharth64
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:31






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Use either Stirling formula (for a one-liner) or a refinement of the ratio test called the Raabe's test.
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:42








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    See here: math.stackexchange.com/q/2857889/515527
    $endgroup$
    – Zacky
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:17














6












6








6


2



$begingroup$



This question already has an answer here:




  • Show that $sum_{n=1}^{infty} frac{(2n)!}{4^n(n!)^2}$ is divergent

    5 answers




I need to prove that the following series $$ sum_{n=1}^{infty} bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}$$ diverges.



I've managed to change it to the following formula: $$ 4^n=(1+1)^{2n}=bigg(sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}bigg)^2 text{ and } {2nchoose n}=sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}^2 text{ so }$$ $$sum_{n=1}^infty bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n} =sum_{n=1}^infty frac{sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}^2}{left(sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}right)^2} $$ Where do I go from here? I know that the limit of series' sequence goes to $0$ but that isn't helpful really since I need to prove that it diverges.



Also all the ratio tests and root test are inconclusive. I already checked that. Think of 4 as variable $a$. I need to check for which $a$ this series converges. I already know that for $a>4$ it does, but I need to prove that for $a=4$ it diverges. There was a mistake in my calculating of limit in Raabe's test which concluded that this series is indeed divergent.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$





This question already has an answer here:




  • Show that $sum_{n=1}^{infty} frac{(2n)!}{4^n(n!)^2}$ is divergent

    5 answers




I need to prove that the following series $$ sum_{n=1}^{infty} bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}$$ diverges.



I've managed to change it to the following formula: $$ 4^n=(1+1)^{2n}=bigg(sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}bigg)^2 text{ and } {2nchoose n}=sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}^2 text{ so }$$ $$sum_{n=1}^infty bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n} =sum_{n=1}^infty frac{sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}^2}{left(sum_{k=0}^n{nchoose k}right)^2} $$ Where do I go from here? I know that the limit of series' sequence goes to $0$ but that isn't helpful really since I need to prove that it diverges.



Also all the ratio tests and root test are inconclusive. I already checked that. Think of 4 as variable $a$. I need to check for which $a$ this series converges. I already know that for $a>4$ it does, but I need to prove that for $a=4$ it diverges. There was a mistake in my calculating of limit in Raabe's test which concluded that this series is indeed divergent.





This question already has an answer here:




  • Show that $sum_{n=1}^{infty} frac{(2n)!}{4^n(n!)^2}$ is divergent

    5 answers








real-analysis sequences-and-series






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edited Dec 8 '18 at 13:22









amWhy

1




1










asked Dec 8 '18 at 11:26









VictorVictor

786




786




marked as duplicate by Nosrati, Xander Henderson, Lord Shark the Unknown, user10354138, Cesareo Dec 9 '18 at 9:30


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.









marked as duplicate by Nosrati, Xander Henderson, Lord Shark the Unknown, user10354138, Cesareo Dec 9 '18 at 9:30


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.














  • $begingroup$
    Try bounding your last term by the RMS inequality.
    $endgroup$
    – siddharth64
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:31






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Use either Stirling formula (for a one-liner) or a refinement of the ratio test called the Raabe's test.
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:42








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    See here: math.stackexchange.com/q/2857889/515527
    $endgroup$
    – Zacky
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:17


















  • $begingroup$
    Try bounding your last term by the RMS inequality.
    $endgroup$
    – siddharth64
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:31






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Use either Stirling formula (for a one-liner) or a refinement of the ratio test called the Raabe's test.
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:42








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    See here: math.stackexchange.com/q/2857889/515527
    $endgroup$
    – Zacky
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:17
















$begingroup$
Try bounding your last term by the RMS inequality.
$endgroup$
– siddharth64
Dec 8 '18 at 11:31




$begingroup$
Try bounding your last term by the RMS inequality.
$endgroup$
– siddharth64
Dec 8 '18 at 11:31




1




1




$begingroup$
Use either Stirling formula (for a one-liner) or a refinement of the ratio test called the Raabe's test.
$endgroup$
– Did
Dec 8 '18 at 11:42






$begingroup$
Use either Stirling formula (for a one-liner) or a refinement of the ratio test called the Raabe's test.
$endgroup$
– Did
Dec 8 '18 at 11:42






1




1




$begingroup$
See here: math.stackexchange.com/q/2857889/515527
$endgroup$
– Zacky
Dec 8 '18 at 12:17




$begingroup$
See here: math.stackexchange.com/q/2857889/515527
$endgroup$
– Zacky
Dec 8 '18 at 12:17










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















3












$begingroup$

Let's calculate $lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)$,where $a_n= bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}$ and
$a_{n+1}=bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^{n+1} {2n+2 choose n+1}$.



begin{align}
lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)&=lim_{nto infty}nleft(4frac{(n+1)^2}{(2n+1)(2n+2)}-1right)\
&=lim_{nto infty}frac{n}{2n+1}\
&=frac{1}{2}
end{align}

Since $frac{1}{2} lt 1$,by Raabe's test, we can conclude that the series diverges.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    I've double checked my calculations. I think Raabe's test works fine here.
    $endgroup$
    – Thomas Shelby
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:26






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Sure it does, and your computation is fine. (+1)
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:30






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Calculated this limit once again and you were indeed right, there was a mistake and this limit is $frac{1}{2}$
    $endgroup$
    – Victor
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:55



















0












$begingroup$

HINT



We have that



$$bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}sim frac{1}{sqrt{pi n}}$$



then refer to limit comparison test.



Refer to the related




  • Elementary central binomial coefficient estimates






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    The root test is also inconclusive.
    $endgroup$
    – Kemono Chen
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:49










  • $begingroup$
    @KemonoChen Ops yes of course! I see it now...Thanks
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:54










  • $begingroup$
    Something wrong?
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 13:09


















2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes








2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









3












$begingroup$

Let's calculate $lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)$,where $a_n= bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}$ and
$a_{n+1}=bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^{n+1} {2n+2 choose n+1}$.



begin{align}
lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)&=lim_{nto infty}nleft(4frac{(n+1)^2}{(2n+1)(2n+2)}-1right)\
&=lim_{nto infty}frac{n}{2n+1}\
&=frac{1}{2}
end{align}

Since $frac{1}{2} lt 1$,by Raabe's test, we can conclude that the series diverges.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    I've double checked my calculations. I think Raabe's test works fine here.
    $endgroup$
    – Thomas Shelby
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:26






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Sure it does, and your computation is fine. (+1)
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:30






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Calculated this limit once again and you were indeed right, there was a mistake and this limit is $frac{1}{2}$
    $endgroup$
    – Victor
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:55
















3












$begingroup$

Let's calculate $lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)$,where $a_n= bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}$ and
$a_{n+1}=bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^{n+1} {2n+2 choose n+1}$.



begin{align}
lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)&=lim_{nto infty}nleft(4frac{(n+1)^2}{(2n+1)(2n+2)}-1right)\
&=lim_{nto infty}frac{n}{2n+1}\
&=frac{1}{2}
end{align}

Since $frac{1}{2} lt 1$,by Raabe's test, we can conclude that the series diverges.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    I've double checked my calculations. I think Raabe's test works fine here.
    $endgroup$
    – Thomas Shelby
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:26






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Sure it does, and your computation is fine. (+1)
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:30






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Calculated this limit once again and you were indeed right, there was a mistake and this limit is $frac{1}{2}$
    $endgroup$
    – Victor
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:55














3












3








3





$begingroup$

Let's calculate $lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)$,where $a_n= bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}$ and
$a_{n+1}=bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^{n+1} {2n+2 choose n+1}$.



begin{align}
lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)&=lim_{nto infty}nleft(4frac{(n+1)^2}{(2n+1)(2n+2)}-1right)\
&=lim_{nto infty}frac{n}{2n+1}\
&=frac{1}{2}
end{align}

Since $frac{1}{2} lt 1$,by Raabe's test, we can conclude that the series diverges.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$



Let's calculate $lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)$,where $a_n= bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}$ and
$a_{n+1}=bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^{n+1} {2n+2 choose n+1}$.



begin{align}
lim_{nto infty}nleft(frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}-1right)&=lim_{nto infty}nleft(4frac{(n+1)^2}{(2n+1)(2n+2)}-1right)\
&=lim_{nto infty}frac{n}{2n+1}\
&=frac{1}{2}
end{align}

Since $frac{1}{2} lt 1$,by Raabe's test, we can conclude that the series diverges.







share|cite|improve this answer














share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer








edited Dec 8 '18 at 12:31

























answered Dec 8 '18 at 12:24









Thomas ShelbyThomas Shelby

2,710421




2,710421












  • $begingroup$
    I've double checked my calculations. I think Raabe's test works fine here.
    $endgroup$
    – Thomas Shelby
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:26






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Sure it does, and your computation is fine. (+1)
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:30






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Calculated this limit once again and you were indeed right, there was a mistake and this limit is $frac{1}{2}$
    $endgroup$
    – Victor
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:55


















  • $begingroup$
    I've double checked my calculations. I think Raabe's test works fine here.
    $endgroup$
    – Thomas Shelby
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:26






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Sure it does, and your computation is fine. (+1)
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:30






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Calculated this limit once again and you were indeed right, there was a mistake and this limit is $frac{1}{2}$
    $endgroup$
    – Victor
    Dec 8 '18 at 12:55
















$begingroup$
I've double checked my calculations. I think Raabe's test works fine here.
$endgroup$
– Thomas Shelby
Dec 8 '18 at 12:26




$begingroup$
I've double checked my calculations. I think Raabe's test works fine here.
$endgroup$
– Thomas Shelby
Dec 8 '18 at 12:26




1




1




$begingroup$
Sure it does, and your computation is fine. (+1)
$endgroup$
– Did
Dec 8 '18 at 12:30




$begingroup$
Sure it does, and your computation is fine. (+1)
$endgroup$
– Did
Dec 8 '18 at 12:30




1




1




$begingroup$
Calculated this limit once again and you were indeed right, there was a mistake and this limit is $frac{1}{2}$
$endgroup$
– Victor
Dec 8 '18 at 12:55




$begingroup$
Calculated this limit once again and you were indeed right, there was a mistake and this limit is $frac{1}{2}$
$endgroup$
– Victor
Dec 8 '18 at 12:55











0












$begingroup$

HINT



We have that



$$bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}sim frac{1}{sqrt{pi n}}$$



then refer to limit comparison test.



Refer to the related




  • Elementary central binomial coefficient estimates






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    The root test is also inconclusive.
    $endgroup$
    – Kemono Chen
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:49










  • $begingroup$
    @KemonoChen Ops yes of course! I see it now...Thanks
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:54










  • $begingroup$
    Something wrong?
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 13:09
















0












$begingroup$

HINT



We have that



$$bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}sim frac{1}{sqrt{pi n}}$$



then refer to limit comparison test.



Refer to the related




  • Elementary central binomial coefficient estimates






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    The root test is also inconclusive.
    $endgroup$
    – Kemono Chen
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:49










  • $begingroup$
    @KemonoChen Ops yes of course! I see it now...Thanks
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:54










  • $begingroup$
    Something wrong?
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 13:09














0












0








0





$begingroup$

HINT



We have that



$$bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}sim frac{1}{sqrt{pi n}}$$



then refer to limit comparison test.



Refer to the related




  • Elementary central binomial coefficient estimates






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$



HINT



We have that



$$bigg(frac{1}{4}bigg)^n {2n choose n}sim frac{1}{sqrt{pi n}}$$



then refer to limit comparison test.



Refer to the related




  • Elementary central binomial coefficient estimates







share|cite|improve this answer














share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer








edited Dec 8 '18 at 12:04

























answered Dec 8 '18 at 11:47









gimusigimusi

92.8k84494




92.8k84494












  • $begingroup$
    The root test is also inconclusive.
    $endgroup$
    – Kemono Chen
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:49










  • $begingroup$
    @KemonoChen Ops yes of course! I see it now...Thanks
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:54










  • $begingroup$
    Something wrong?
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 13:09


















  • $begingroup$
    The root test is also inconclusive.
    $endgroup$
    – Kemono Chen
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:49










  • $begingroup$
    @KemonoChen Ops yes of course! I see it now...Thanks
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 11:54










  • $begingroup$
    Something wrong?
    $endgroup$
    – gimusi
    Dec 8 '18 at 13:09
















$begingroup$
The root test is also inconclusive.
$endgroup$
– Kemono Chen
Dec 8 '18 at 11:49




$begingroup$
The root test is also inconclusive.
$endgroup$
– Kemono Chen
Dec 8 '18 at 11:49












$begingroup$
@KemonoChen Ops yes of course! I see it now...Thanks
$endgroup$
– gimusi
Dec 8 '18 at 11:54




$begingroup$
@KemonoChen Ops yes of course! I see it now...Thanks
$endgroup$
– gimusi
Dec 8 '18 at 11:54












$begingroup$
Something wrong?
$endgroup$
– gimusi
Dec 8 '18 at 13:09




$begingroup$
Something wrong?
$endgroup$
– gimusi
Dec 8 '18 at 13:09



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