Teleportation - Pressure differences











up vote
11
down vote

favorite
1












Warning



This question is one of a series about specific use of teleportation. It will concern only about pressure and atmosphere.
Here are previous question:




  • Teleportation and speed


Context



The story happens in our world and current era. The protagonist possesses the power of teleportation with the following characteristics:




  • When teleporting, a volume including the protagonist is swapped with the same volume of matter in another place. For example, if the destination is in open air, the departure will receive the same volume of air.

  • That result with no problem of collision of matter: if the
    destination is in a solid rock, the protagonist will arrive in the
    rock. And at the departure, there will be a volume of rock with the
    same shape as the protagonist.

  • There are no collision problems, but there are still problems: the
    destination can override a part of something since what matters is
    the volume. It’s not a problem when swapping a part of a rock, but
    it’s one when swapping a part of a person.

  • The volume of exchange has the same shape as the protagonist adding a
    layer around it. The layer is at minima 5cm, but can expand by
    willpower.

  • There is no minimum time between two swaps: it can be as short as
    reflexes permits.

  • The protagonist can teleport as long as it has willpower: think of it
    as a superhero power.

  • The teleportation happens if the protagonist can picture it.
    Coordinate won’t work, but a memory, a picture/film will (no matter
    the distance). The protagonist could also teleport in a hidden part, even if what behind is unknown as long as the protagonist can
    guess it (for example behind a door or a rock).

  • Both volume exchanged keep their momentum ignoring the difference in velocity of the Earth's rotation. Falling toward Earth on the south pole, and teleporting to the north pole will result in the protagonist still falling. Flying westward and teleporting to facing eastward, will cause the protagonist to shoot forward in the eastward direction at the same speed.

  • If the destination is a moving structure (vehicle...), the protagonist will teleport at the coordinate where the structure was when teleporting. But the protagonist will keep its momentum, resulting in a possible speed difference. Comparison is like trying to jump in a car in your everiday life: there won't be too much problems if the car is slow or stopped, but there will if you are on foot and the car is at 90km/h.
    -If the destination is a picture or a memory of a moving structure, the destination will be at the coordinate when the picture/memory took place.


Question



My question here is about the impact of difference of pressure in the air. Here are two examples:




  • The loved one of the protagonist was captured and brought to the
    summit of Mt Everest (30kPa). What are the possible risk if the
    protagonist teleport from the sea level (100kPa)? Can there be
    prevented ? And what happened of the air brought around the
    protagonist ?

  • Due to theological reason, the protagonist have to go back and forth
    between Jericho (258m under sea level) and Lhasa (3658m above sea
    level). What are the possible short term and long term effect for
    such trip ? Is the difference of pressure sufficient for barotrauma ?


Please try to not raise problems from other subject since there will be other questions for them.










share|improve this question


















  • 2




    Obligatory XKCD
    – Cort Ammon
    Dec 2 at 19:10















up vote
11
down vote

favorite
1












Warning



This question is one of a series about specific use of teleportation. It will concern only about pressure and atmosphere.
Here are previous question:




  • Teleportation and speed


Context



The story happens in our world and current era. The protagonist possesses the power of teleportation with the following characteristics:




  • When teleporting, a volume including the protagonist is swapped with the same volume of matter in another place. For example, if the destination is in open air, the departure will receive the same volume of air.

  • That result with no problem of collision of matter: if the
    destination is in a solid rock, the protagonist will arrive in the
    rock. And at the departure, there will be a volume of rock with the
    same shape as the protagonist.

  • There are no collision problems, but there are still problems: the
    destination can override a part of something since what matters is
    the volume. It’s not a problem when swapping a part of a rock, but
    it’s one when swapping a part of a person.

  • The volume of exchange has the same shape as the protagonist adding a
    layer around it. The layer is at minima 5cm, but can expand by
    willpower.

  • There is no minimum time between two swaps: it can be as short as
    reflexes permits.

  • The protagonist can teleport as long as it has willpower: think of it
    as a superhero power.

  • The teleportation happens if the protagonist can picture it.
    Coordinate won’t work, but a memory, a picture/film will (no matter
    the distance). The protagonist could also teleport in a hidden part, even if what behind is unknown as long as the protagonist can
    guess it (for example behind a door or a rock).

  • Both volume exchanged keep their momentum ignoring the difference in velocity of the Earth's rotation. Falling toward Earth on the south pole, and teleporting to the north pole will result in the protagonist still falling. Flying westward and teleporting to facing eastward, will cause the protagonist to shoot forward in the eastward direction at the same speed.

  • If the destination is a moving structure (vehicle...), the protagonist will teleport at the coordinate where the structure was when teleporting. But the protagonist will keep its momentum, resulting in a possible speed difference. Comparison is like trying to jump in a car in your everiday life: there won't be too much problems if the car is slow or stopped, but there will if you are on foot and the car is at 90km/h.
    -If the destination is a picture or a memory of a moving structure, the destination will be at the coordinate when the picture/memory took place.


Question



My question here is about the impact of difference of pressure in the air. Here are two examples:




  • The loved one of the protagonist was captured and brought to the
    summit of Mt Everest (30kPa). What are the possible risk if the
    protagonist teleport from the sea level (100kPa)? Can there be
    prevented ? And what happened of the air brought around the
    protagonist ?

  • Due to theological reason, the protagonist have to go back and forth
    between Jericho (258m under sea level) and Lhasa (3658m above sea
    level). What are the possible short term and long term effect for
    such trip ? Is the difference of pressure sufficient for barotrauma ?


Please try to not raise problems from other subject since there will be other questions for them.










share|improve this question


















  • 2




    Obligatory XKCD
    – Cort Ammon
    Dec 2 at 19:10













up vote
11
down vote

favorite
1









up vote
11
down vote

favorite
1






1





Warning



This question is one of a series about specific use of teleportation. It will concern only about pressure and atmosphere.
Here are previous question:




  • Teleportation and speed


Context



The story happens in our world and current era. The protagonist possesses the power of teleportation with the following characteristics:




  • When teleporting, a volume including the protagonist is swapped with the same volume of matter in another place. For example, if the destination is in open air, the departure will receive the same volume of air.

  • That result with no problem of collision of matter: if the
    destination is in a solid rock, the protagonist will arrive in the
    rock. And at the departure, there will be a volume of rock with the
    same shape as the protagonist.

  • There are no collision problems, but there are still problems: the
    destination can override a part of something since what matters is
    the volume. It’s not a problem when swapping a part of a rock, but
    it’s one when swapping a part of a person.

  • The volume of exchange has the same shape as the protagonist adding a
    layer around it. The layer is at minima 5cm, but can expand by
    willpower.

  • There is no minimum time between two swaps: it can be as short as
    reflexes permits.

  • The protagonist can teleport as long as it has willpower: think of it
    as a superhero power.

  • The teleportation happens if the protagonist can picture it.
    Coordinate won’t work, but a memory, a picture/film will (no matter
    the distance). The protagonist could also teleport in a hidden part, even if what behind is unknown as long as the protagonist can
    guess it (for example behind a door or a rock).

  • Both volume exchanged keep their momentum ignoring the difference in velocity of the Earth's rotation. Falling toward Earth on the south pole, and teleporting to the north pole will result in the protagonist still falling. Flying westward and teleporting to facing eastward, will cause the protagonist to shoot forward in the eastward direction at the same speed.

  • If the destination is a moving structure (vehicle...), the protagonist will teleport at the coordinate where the structure was when teleporting. But the protagonist will keep its momentum, resulting in a possible speed difference. Comparison is like trying to jump in a car in your everiday life: there won't be too much problems if the car is slow or stopped, but there will if you are on foot and the car is at 90km/h.
    -If the destination is a picture or a memory of a moving structure, the destination will be at the coordinate when the picture/memory took place.


Question



My question here is about the impact of difference of pressure in the air. Here are two examples:




  • The loved one of the protagonist was captured and brought to the
    summit of Mt Everest (30kPa). What are the possible risk if the
    protagonist teleport from the sea level (100kPa)? Can there be
    prevented ? And what happened of the air brought around the
    protagonist ?

  • Due to theological reason, the protagonist have to go back and forth
    between Jericho (258m under sea level) and Lhasa (3658m above sea
    level). What are the possible short term and long term effect for
    such trip ? Is the difference of pressure sufficient for barotrauma ?


Please try to not raise problems from other subject since there will be other questions for them.










share|improve this question













Warning



This question is one of a series about specific use of teleportation. It will concern only about pressure and atmosphere.
Here are previous question:




  • Teleportation and speed


Context



The story happens in our world and current era. The protagonist possesses the power of teleportation with the following characteristics:




  • When teleporting, a volume including the protagonist is swapped with the same volume of matter in another place. For example, if the destination is in open air, the departure will receive the same volume of air.

  • That result with no problem of collision of matter: if the
    destination is in a solid rock, the protagonist will arrive in the
    rock. And at the departure, there will be a volume of rock with the
    same shape as the protagonist.

  • There are no collision problems, but there are still problems: the
    destination can override a part of something since what matters is
    the volume. It’s not a problem when swapping a part of a rock, but
    it’s one when swapping a part of a person.

  • The volume of exchange has the same shape as the protagonist adding a
    layer around it. The layer is at minima 5cm, but can expand by
    willpower.

  • There is no minimum time between two swaps: it can be as short as
    reflexes permits.

  • The protagonist can teleport as long as it has willpower: think of it
    as a superhero power.

  • The teleportation happens if the protagonist can picture it.
    Coordinate won’t work, but a memory, a picture/film will (no matter
    the distance). The protagonist could also teleport in a hidden part, even if what behind is unknown as long as the protagonist can
    guess it (for example behind a door or a rock).

  • Both volume exchanged keep their momentum ignoring the difference in velocity of the Earth's rotation. Falling toward Earth on the south pole, and teleporting to the north pole will result in the protagonist still falling. Flying westward and teleporting to facing eastward, will cause the protagonist to shoot forward in the eastward direction at the same speed.

  • If the destination is a moving structure (vehicle...), the protagonist will teleport at the coordinate where the structure was when teleporting. But the protagonist will keep its momentum, resulting in a possible speed difference. Comparison is like trying to jump in a car in your everiday life: there won't be too much problems if the car is slow or stopped, but there will if you are on foot and the car is at 90km/h.
    -If the destination is a picture or a memory of a moving structure, the destination will be at the coordinate when the picture/memory took place.


Question



My question here is about the impact of difference of pressure in the air. Here are two examples:




  • The loved one of the protagonist was captured and brought to the
    summit of Mt Everest (30kPa). What are the possible risk if the
    protagonist teleport from the sea level (100kPa)? Can there be
    prevented ? And what happened of the air brought around the
    protagonist ?

  • Due to theological reason, the protagonist have to go back and forth
    between Jericho (258m under sea level) and Lhasa (3658m above sea
    level). What are the possible short term and long term effect for
    such trip ? Is the difference of pressure sufficient for barotrauma ?


Please try to not raise problems from other subject since there will be other questions for them.







physics teleportation health






share|improve this question













share|improve this question











share|improve this question




share|improve this question










asked Dec 2 at 15:00









Ted Pwyll

1539




1539








  • 2




    Obligatory XKCD
    – Cort Ammon
    Dec 2 at 19:10














  • 2




    Obligatory XKCD
    – Cort Ammon
    Dec 2 at 19:10








2




2




Obligatory XKCD
– Cort Ammon
Dec 2 at 19:10




Obligatory XKCD
– Cort Ammon
Dec 2 at 19:10










6 Answers
6






active

oldest

votes

















up vote
18
down vote













Obviously, the pressure change between any two habitable places is not a problem if you take a week to make the journey. The issue is the suddenness of the pressure change.



If the teleportation is literally instantaneous then that might be a problem. As you depart the peak of Everest and materialise at sea level, you are suddenly surrounded by a wall of air at 70kPa above ambient pressure (relative to you). Another way of putting that is that you're surrounded by a 170dB sound wave, which may well be enough to cause serious (fatal?) injury and would certainly damage your hearing. To keep the shock wave under 150dB (which is still very loud), you'd have to restrict yourself to changes of less than 0.7kPa, e.g. from sea level to 60m.



However, if the pressure change were experienced over a longer time, even just 100ms or so, then I don't think that would apply. It would be more like sudden decompression on a plane (at relatively low altitude) – your ears would pop and you might faint, but nothing too serious.



The other possible side-effect, going from low to high altitude, would be outgassing (as happens with divers if they don't decompress). Since your blood cannot hold as much dissolved nitrogen at low pressure, if it is saturated with nitrogen at sea level then that will come out of solution and form bubbles when you teleport to the top of Everest. You will get rid of the excess nitrogen quite quickly just by breathing, and the amounts would be less than with deep-sea diving, but it might be possible to sustain injuries this way.






share|improve this answer

















  • 10




    My instinct is that the bends wont be much of an issue. The pressure difference from sea level to everest is less than the pressure difference of 10m of water. The recreational dive tables show a virtually unlimited dive time for such shallow depths. That's a good sign that you won't have too much trouble with nitrogen.
    – Cort Ammon
    Dec 2 at 19:13






  • 3




    @CortAmmon I think you're probably right. I only allowed for the possibility because, again, having something happen quickly is quite different to having it happen instantly. Like, while ascending through 10m of water, even at top speed, you might take as many as three breaths, which would take care of a small excess of nitrogen; but if you just beamed directly to the surface you wouldn't get rid of any at all.
    – bobtato
    Dec 2 at 19:25




















up vote
4
down vote













Your hero MUST wear some kind of protective gear, mostly to protect the ears from the sonic boom as a volume of air, to all intents and purposes, disappears from the volume between him and the closest "layer" at way more than the speed of sound. The resulting backlash would be more than enough to incapacitate, and possibly even kill.



Then, he has to first get as near to the Everest as he can. Say he teleports from a quarter of the world away, on the same parallel. His instant velocity at that point is about 1200 km/h in a given direction, with respect to the Earth's axis, due to the rotation of the Earth (it would be 1621 km/h on the Equator). When he appears on the Everest, that speed is now directed upwards (or, infinitely worse, downwards). His horizontal component with respect to the Everest frame of reference is nil since he teleported from 90 degrees counter-rotation-wise, on an Everest that also moves at 1200 km/h with respect to the Earth's axis. The two velocities compound so that he takes off at a 45° retrograde angle with the speed of a supersonic bullet (480 m/s). He doesn't feel acceleration at all, but the air (and, if he's inside, the ceiling) will smash at him like a hammer.



The nearer he comes to the Everest, the less the problem arises.



Actually, he'd do very well by teleporting in short stints, one or two kilometers at the most, thereby also acclimating to the lower pressure. By the way, he'll still need oxygen and breathing gear, or he won't last long once he goes above the 5-6000 m level.



This kind of problems are expounded in depth in Vernor Vinge's The Witling. Giri's people, the Azhiri, can teleport (reng) from one place to another, as long as they have been there (unless they're the super-powerful Federates), or reng objects from one place to wherever they are. The most skilled soldiers have visited the Poles, and can reng stones and pebbles - albeit only in one direction - with lethal results.






share|improve this answer




























    up vote
    3
    down vote













    Ignoring the potential changes in relative velocity (hopping from the pole to the equator would leave him moving at a speed of ~1600 kph in a westerly direction), I believe that ear-muffs would probably be sufficient to cope with the 'mechanical' effects of pressure change.



    However, moving from sea-level to Everest or Lhasa may have a severe physiological effect. It takes a significant time to acclimatize to an altitude above ~3000 m (even ultra-fit climbers take several days to get to Everest base camp to acclimatize).



    Your protagonist could almost immediately lose consciousness if making a rapid jump. This is a known risk. For example, tourists flying directly from Kathmandu (alt 1400 m) to Namche Bazaar (3400 m) or Khumjung (3800 m) often need oxygen on arrival. Teleporting from at or below sea level would exacerbate this risk.






    share|improve this answer





















    • You can hold your breath for over a minute not fainting. Similarly in case of a pressure drop in a plane you have a brief moment to apply an oxygen mask (but you need to be quick, you have just about 2 minutes to react properly, including overcoming a shock). So you will not faint immediately. If you can do the rescue in those 2 minutes, you're good. Travelling to Lhasa is a bit more of a problem though.
      – Ister
      Dec 3 at 8:37




















    up vote
    3
    down vote














    Due to theological reason, the protagonist have to go back and forth between Jericho (258m under sea level) and Lhasa (3658m above sea level). What are the possible short term and long term effect for such trip ?




    Fainting and death, respectively.



    People have already told you about acclimatization to high altitudes. Truth be told though, going from Jericho to Lhasa instantaneously has less to do with mountain climbing and more to do with this:



    I could post a pic of people in a depressurized airplane but I decided to be nice instead



    People in airplanes survive (when they do) because of oxygen masks and repressurization due to the pilot taking the plane to lower altitudes. Your Darwin Award contestant, though... They might not faint in the first few seconds, but they will not survive such a sudden change in pressure without first aid and immediate access to an hyperbaric chamber. Even then, anoxia will take place. They might end up blind, deaf or paralyzed forever.



    Going from Lhasa to Jericho is probably survivable, but not without consequences. A quick increase in blood oxygen levels without the time for acclimatization may in the very least knock the teleporter out of their senses.





    The above would be valid if your hero could survive teleportation. The problematic part is this:




    Both volume exchanged keep their momentum ignoring the difference in velocity of the Earth's rotation. Falling toward Earth on the south pole, and teleporting to the north pole will result in the protagonist still falling. Flying westward and teleporting to facing eastward, will cause the protagonist to shoot forward in the eastward direction at the same speed.




    In your previous question, I pointed out the changes in speed relative to Earth that come with teleporting. I believe you added this to reduce the amount of problems you had. If so, it had the opposite effect.



    In engineering, when you want something to lose speed gradually, you add brakes to it. If you want to stop something dead in its tracks, you add a wall in its path instead. In other words: if you character arrives with zero speed at the receiving end of the teleportation trip rather than shooting like a bat out of hell, from their point of view it will be exactly like hitting a wall at the speeds they would otherwise have. Hitting a wall at the speed of sound or above is a sure way to die.



    If you handwave it by saying that you are stopping all the atoms in their body at the same time... You need to turn their kinectic energy into something else, and nature's favorite form of energy trade is heat. A 70kg person moving at 300m/s, for example, will have $ frac{70kg times (300m/s)^2}{2} = 3,150,000 joules$, or 875 watt-hours of kinectic energy relative to the ground. Transform all that into heat, and it's approximately equivalent to the energy release of 0.75 kilograms of TNT. That is almost enough to completely destroy a car, so imagine what it would do to a human body.



    But you are not just zeroing out momentum to the ground. You are reversing it. So double everything I said above; That is, either double the impact felt by the teleporter, or double the energy release when they inevitably explode like a giant firecracker.






    share|improve this answer






























      up vote
      2
      down vote













      The problem would come from constant repetition of pressure changes IMO although it's difficult to be sure.



      The following articles discuss changes in barometric pressure due to weather. But in the case of almost instantaneous changes cause by teleportation, I'm sure your hero would experience problems to a greater degree.




      Increased mortality followed large temperature increases and large
      pressure drops both in summer and winter months. Decreased mortality
      was observed after large pressure increases and large temperature
      drops in summer. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19526921







      Change in air pressure was significantly associated with onset of
      Menière’s disease episodes, suggesting a potential triggering
      mechanism in the inner ear. MD patients may possibly use air pressure
      changes as an early warning system for vertigo attacks in the future.
      https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4838262/







      Although it's been indicated as a possible cause for everything from
      changes in blood pressure to an increase in joint pain, it can be
      difficult to pinpoint barometric pressure changes as the definitive
      cause for these issues when so many other atmospheric changes — like
      temperature, precipitation and wind speed and direction — often
      accompany shifts in weather. https://www.mnn.com/health/fitness-well-being/blogs/how-changes-barometric-pressure-affect-your-body







      share|improve this answer




























        up vote
        2
        down vote













        Have the teleportation chamber rigged with atmospheric gases, temp controls and capable of holding any habitable temp & pressure required. Prior to transport, sample the destination (transport back a small sample), then at a safe rate equilibrate the chamber to destination atmosphere & temperature, prior to the transfer across.



        If the sample indicates extraordinary arrangements are required, in terms of suiting, or indications of great hazard, adjustments can be made.



        Never fly blind.



        There should also be the ability to image the destination exhaustively prior to transport to determine there is space available in and around the destinatinon volumne.



        Without some sort of dampening, the instantaneous mdv could be harmful/lethal. there needs to be in the tranport arc, facility of 'ramping into' the displacement vector of the destination volume in toto. This must account for lateral movement across the surface of the planet as well as vector, v & dv for any translations across the surface relative to the surface.






        share|improve this answer























          Your Answer





          StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function () {
          return StackExchange.using("mathjaxEditing", function () {
          StackExchange.MarkdownEditor.creationCallbacks.add(function (editor, postfix) {
          StackExchange.mathjaxEditing.prepareWmdForMathJax(editor, postfix, [["$", "$"], ["\\(","\\)"]]);
          });
          });
          }, "mathjax-editing");

          StackExchange.ready(function() {
          var channelOptions = {
          tags: "".split(" "),
          id: "579"
          };
          initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

          StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
          // Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
          if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
          StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
          createEditor();
          });
          }
          else {
          createEditor();
          }
          });

          function createEditor() {
          StackExchange.prepareEditor({
          heartbeatType: 'answer',
          convertImagesToLinks: false,
          noModals: true,
          showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
          reputationToPostImages: null,
          bindNavPrevention: true,
          postfix: "",
          imageUploader: {
          brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
          contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
          allowUrls: true
          },
          noCode: true, onDemand: true,
          discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
          ,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
          });


          }
          });














          draft saved

          draft discarded


















          StackExchange.ready(
          function () {
          StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fworldbuilding.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f131789%2fteleportation-pressure-differences%23new-answer', 'question_page');
          }
          );

          Post as a guest















          Required, but never shown

























          6 Answers
          6






          active

          oldest

          votes








          6 Answers
          6






          active

          oldest

          votes









          active

          oldest

          votes






          active

          oldest

          votes








          up vote
          18
          down vote













          Obviously, the pressure change between any two habitable places is not a problem if you take a week to make the journey. The issue is the suddenness of the pressure change.



          If the teleportation is literally instantaneous then that might be a problem. As you depart the peak of Everest and materialise at sea level, you are suddenly surrounded by a wall of air at 70kPa above ambient pressure (relative to you). Another way of putting that is that you're surrounded by a 170dB sound wave, which may well be enough to cause serious (fatal?) injury and would certainly damage your hearing. To keep the shock wave under 150dB (which is still very loud), you'd have to restrict yourself to changes of less than 0.7kPa, e.g. from sea level to 60m.



          However, if the pressure change were experienced over a longer time, even just 100ms or so, then I don't think that would apply. It would be more like sudden decompression on a plane (at relatively low altitude) – your ears would pop and you might faint, but nothing too serious.



          The other possible side-effect, going from low to high altitude, would be outgassing (as happens with divers if they don't decompress). Since your blood cannot hold as much dissolved nitrogen at low pressure, if it is saturated with nitrogen at sea level then that will come out of solution and form bubbles when you teleport to the top of Everest. You will get rid of the excess nitrogen quite quickly just by breathing, and the amounts would be less than with deep-sea diving, but it might be possible to sustain injuries this way.






          share|improve this answer

















          • 10




            My instinct is that the bends wont be much of an issue. The pressure difference from sea level to everest is less than the pressure difference of 10m of water. The recreational dive tables show a virtually unlimited dive time for such shallow depths. That's a good sign that you won't have too much trouble with nitrogen.
            – Cort Ammon
            Dec 2 at 19:13






          • 3




            @CortAmmon I think you're probably right. I only allowed for the possibility because, again, having something happen quickly is quite different to having it happen instantly. Like, while ascending through 10m of water, even at top speed, you might take as many as three breaths, which would take care of a small excess of nitrogen; but if you just beamed directly to the surface you wouldn't get rid of any at all.
            – bobtato
            Dec 2 at 19:25

















          up vote
          18
          down vote













          Obviously, the pressure change between any two habitable places is not a problem if you take a week to make the journey. The issue is the suddenness of the pressure change.



          If the teleportation is literally instantaneous then that might be a problem. As you depart the peak of Everest and materialise at sea level, you are suddenly surrounded by a wall of air at 70kPa above ambient pressure (relative to you). Another way of putting that is that you're surrounded by a 170dB sound wave, which may well be enough to cause serious (fatal?) injury and would certainly damage your hearing. To keep the shock wave under 150dB (which is still very loud), you'd have to restrict yourself to changes of less than 0.7kPa, e.g. from sea level to 60m.



          However, if the pressure change were experienced over a longer time, even just 100ms or so, then I don't think that would apply. It would be more like sudden decompression on a plane (at relatively low altitude) – your ears would pop and you might faint, but nothing too serious.



          The other possible side-effect, going from low to high altitude, would be outgassing (as happens with divers if they don't decompress). Since your blood cannot hold as much dissolved nitrogen at low pressure, if it is saturated with nitrogen at sea level then that will come out of solution and form bubbles when you teleport to the top of Everest. You will get rid of the excess nitrogen quite quickly just by breathing, and the amounts would be less than with deep-sea diving, but it might be possible to sustain injuries this way.






          share|improve this answer

















          • 10




            My instinct is that the bends wont be much of an issue. The pressure difference from sea level to everest is less than the pressure difference of 10m of water. The recreational dive tables show a virtually unlimited dive time for such shallow depths. That's a good sign that you won't have too much trouble with nitrogen.
            – Cort Ammon
            Dec 2 at 19:13






          • 3




            @CortAmmon I think you're probably right. I only allowed for the possibility because, again, having something happen quickly is quite different to having it happen instantly. Like, while ascending through 10m of water, even at top speed, you might take as many as three breaths, which would take care of a small excess of nitrogen; but if you just beamed directly to the surface you wouldn't get rid of any at all.
            – bobtato
            Dec 2 at 19:25















          up vote
          18
          down vote










          up vote
          18
          down vote









          Obviously, the pressure change between any two habitable places is not a problem if you take a week to make the journey. The issue is the suddenness of the pressure change.



          If the teleportation is literally instantaneous then that might be a problem. As you depart the peak of Everest and materialise at sea level, you are suddenly surrounded by a wall of air at 70kPa above ambient pressure (relative to you). Another way of putting that is that you're surrounded by a 170dB sound wave, which may well be enough to cause serious (fatal?) injury and would certainly damage your hearing. To keep the shock wave under 150dB (which is still very loud), you'd have to restrict yourself to changes of less than 0.7kPa, e.g. from sea level to 60m.



          However, if the pressure change were experienced over a longer time, even just 100ms or so, then I don't think that would apply. It would be more like sudden decompression on a plane (at relatively low altitude) – your ears would pop and you might faint, but nothing too serious.



          The other possible side-effect, going from low to high altitude, would be outgassing (as happens with divers if they don't decompress). Since your blood cannot hold as much dissolved nitrogen at low pressure, if it is saturated with nitrogen at sea level then that will come out of solution and form bubbles when you teleport to the top of Everest. You will get rid of the excess nitrogen quite quickly just by breathing, and the amounts would be less than with deep-sea diving, but it might be possible to sustain injuries this way.






          share|improve this answer












          Obviously, the pressure change between any two habitable places is not a problem if you take a week to make the journey. The issue is the suddenness of the pressure change.



          If the teleportation is literally instantaneous then that might be a problem. As you depart the peak of Everest and materialise at sea level, you are suddenly surrounded by a wall of air at 70kPa above ambient pressure (relative to you). Another way of putting that is that you're surrounded by a 170dB sound wave, which may well be enough to cause serious (fatal?) injury and would certainly damage your hearing. To keep the shock wave under 150dB (which is still very loud), you'd have to restrict yourself to changes of less than 0.7kPa, e.g. from sea level to 60m.



          However, if the pressure change were experienced over a longer time, even just 100ms or so, then I don't think that would apply. It would be more like sudden decompression on a plane (at relatively low altitude) – your ears would pop and you might faint, but nothing too serious.



          The other possible side-effect, going from low to high altitude, would be outgassing (as happens with divers if they don't decompress). Since your blood cannot hold as much dissolved nitrogen at low pressure, if it is saturated with nitrogen at sea level then that will come out of solution and form bubbles when you teleport to the top of Everest. You will get rid of the excess nitrogen quite quickly just by breathing, and the amounts would be less than with deep-sea diving, but it might be possible to sustain injuries this way.







          share|improve this answer












          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer










          answered Dec 2 at 18:27









          bobtato

          2,578515




          2,578515








          • 10




            My instinct is that the bends wont be much of an issue. The pressure difference from sea level to everest is less than the pressure difference of 10m of water. The recreational dive tables show a virtually unlimited dive time for such shallow depths. That's a good sign that you won't have too much trouble with nitrogen.
            – Cort Ammon
            Dec 2 at 19:13






          • 3




            @CortAmmon I think you're probably right. I only allowed for the possibility because, again, having something happen quickly is quite different to having it happen instantly. Like, while ascending through 10m of water, even at top speed, you might take as many as three breaths, which would take care of a small excess of nitrogen; but if you just beamed directly to the surface you wouldn't get rid of any at all.
            – bobtato
            Dec 2 at 19:25
















          • 10




            My instinct is that the bends wont be much of an issue. The pressure difference from sea level to everest is less than the pressure difference of 10m of water. The recreational dive tables show a virtually unlimited dive time for such shallow depths. That's a good sign that you won't have too much trouble with nitrogen.
            – Cort Ammon
            Dec 2 at 19:13






          • 3




            @CortAmmon I think you're probably right. I only allowed for the possibility because, again, having something happen quickly is quite different to having it happen instantly. Like, while ascending through 10m of water, even at top speed, you might take as many as three breaths, which would take care of a small excess of nitrogen; but if you just beamed directly to the surface you wouldn't get rid of any at all.
            – bobtato
            Dec 2 at 19:25










          10




          10




          My instinct is that the bends wont be much of an issue. The pressure difference from sea level to everest is less than the pressure difference of 10m of water. The recreational dive tables show a virtually unlimited dive time for such shallow depths. That's a good sign that you won't have too much trouble with nitrogen.
          – Cort Ammon
          Dec 2 at 19:13




          My instinct is that the bends wont be much of an issue. The pressure difference from sea level to everest is less than the pressure difference of 10m of water. The recreational dive tables show a virtually unlimited dive time for such shallow depths. That's a good sign that you won't have too much trouble with nitrogen.
          – Cort Ammon
          Dec 2 at 19:13




          3




          3




          @CortAmmon I think you're probably right. I only allowed for the possibility because, again, having something happen quickly is quite different to having it happen instantly. Like, while ascending through 10m of water, even at top speed, you might take as many as three breaths, which would take care of a small excess of nitrogen; but if you just beamed directly to the surface you wouldn't get rid of any at all.
          – bobtato
          Dec 2 at 19:25






          @CortAmmon I think you're probably right. I only allowed for the possibility because, again, having something happen quickly is quite different to having it happen instantly. Like, while ascending through 10m of water, even at top speed, you might take as many as three breaths, which would take care of a small excess of nitrogen; but if you just beamed directly to the surface you wouldn't get rid of any at all.
          – bobtato
          Dec 2 at 19:25












          up vote
          4
          down vote













          Your hero MUST wear some kind of protective gear, mostly to protect the ears from the sonic boom as a volume of air, to all intents and purposes, disappears from the volume between him and the closest "layer" at way more than the speed of sound. The resulting backlash would be more than enough to incapacitate, and possibly even kill.



          Then, he has to first get as near to the Everest as he can. Say he teleports from a quarter of the world away, on the same parallel. His instant velocity at that point is about 1200 km/h in a given direction, with respect to the Earth's axis, due to the rotation of the Earth (it would be 1621 km/h on the Equator). When he appears on the Everest, that speed is now directed upwards (or, infinitely worse, downwards). His horizontal component with respect to the Everest frame of reference is nil since he teleported from 90 degrees counter-rotation-wise, on an Everest that also moves at 1200 km/h with respect to the Earth's axis. The two velocities compound so that he takes off at a 45° retrograde angle with the speed of a supersonic bullet (480 m/s). He doesn't feel acceleration at all, but the air (and, if he's inside, the ceiling) will smash at him like a hammer.



          The nearer he comes to the Everest, the less the problem arises.



          Actually, he'd do very well by teleporting in short stints, one or two kilometers at the most, thereby also acclimating to the lower pressure. By the way, he'll still need oxygen and breathing gear, or he won't last long once he goes above the 5-6000 m level.



          This kind of problems are expounded in depth in Vernor Vinge's The Witling. Giri's people, the Azhiri, can teleport (reng) from one place to another, as long as they have been there (unless they're the super-powerful Federates), or reng objects from one place to wherever they are. The most skilled soldiers have visited the Poles, and can reng stones and pebbles - albeit only in one direction - with lethal results.






          share|improve this answer

























            up vote
            4
            down vote













            Your hero MUST wear some kind of protective gear, mostly to protect the ears from the sonic boom as a volume of air, to all intents and purposes, disappears from the volume between him and the closest "layer" at way more than the speed of sound. The resulting backlash would be more than enough to incapacitate, and possibly even kill.



            Then, he has to first get as near to the Everest as he can. Say he teleports from a quarter of the world away, on the same parallel. His instant velocity at that point is about 1200 km/h in a given direction, with respect to the Earth's axis, due to the rotation of the Earth (it would be 1621 km/h on the Equator). When he appears on the Everest, that speed is now directed upwards (or, infinitely worse, downwards). His horizontal component with respect to the Everest frame of reference is nil since he teleported from 90 degrees counter-rotation-wise, on an Everest that also moves at 1200 km/h with respect to the Earth's axis. The two velocities compound so that he takes off at a 45° retrograde angle with the speed of a supersonic bullet (480 m/s). He doesn't feel acceleration at all, but the air (and, if he's inside, the ceiling) will smash at him like a hammer.



            The nearer he comes to the Everest, the less the problem arises.



            Actually, he'd do very well by teleporting in short stints, one or two kilometers at the most, thereby also acclimating to the lower pressure. By the way, he'll still need oxygen and breathing gear, or he won't last long once he goes above the 5-6000 m level.



            This kind of problems are expounded in depth in Vernor Vinge's The Witling. Giri's people, the Azhiri, can teleport (reng) from one place to another, as long as they have been there (unless they're the super-powerful Federates), or reng objects from one place to wherever they are. The most skilled soldiers have visited the Poles, and can reng stones and pebbles - albeit only in one direction - with lethal results.






            share|improve this answer























              up vote
              4
              down vote










              up vote
              4
              down vote









              Your hero MUST wear some kind of protective gear, mostly to protect the ears from the sonic boom as a volume of air, to all intents and purposes, disappears from the volume between him and the closest "layer" at way more than the speed of sound. The resulting backlash would be more than enough to incapacitate, and possibly even kill.



              Then, he has to first get as near to the Everest as he can. Say he teleports from a quarter of the world away, on the same parallel. His instant velocity at that point is about 1200 km/h in a given direction, with respect to the Earth's axis, due to the rotation of the Earth (it would be 1621 km/h on the Equator). When he appears on the Everest, that speed is now directed upwards (or, infinitely worse, downwards). His horizontal component with respect to the Everest frame of reference is nil since he teleported from 90 degrees counter-rotation-wise, on an Everest that also moves at 1200 km/h with respect to the Earth's axis. The two velocities compound so that he takes off at a 45° retrograde angle with the speed of a supersonic bullet (480 m/s). He doesn't feel acceleration at all, but the air (and, if he's inside, the ceiling) will smash at him like a hammer.



              The nearer he comes to the Everest, the less the problem arises.



              Actually, he'd do very well by teleporting in short stints, one or two kilometers at the most, thereby also acclimating to the lower pressure. By the way, he'll still need oxygen and breathing gear, or he won't last long once he goes above the 5-6000 m level.



              This kind of problems are expounded in depth in Vernor Vinge's The Witling. Giri's people, the Azhiri, can teleport (reng) from one place to another, as long as they have been there (unless they're the super-powerful Federates), or reng objects from one place to wherever they are. The most skilled soldiers have visited the Poles, and can reng stones and pebbles - albeit only in one direction - with lethal results.






              share|improve this answer












              Your hero MUST wear some kind of protective gear, mostly to protect the ears from the sonic boom as a volume of air, to all intents and purposes, disappears from the volume between him and the closest "layer" at way more than the speed of sound. The resulting backlash would be more than enough to incapacitate, and possibly even kill.



              Then, he has to first get as near to the Everest as he can. Say he teleports from a quarter of the world away, on the same parallel. His instant velocity at that point is about 1200 km/h in a given direction, with respect to the Earth's axis, due to the rotation of the Earth (it would be 1621 km/h on the Equator). When he appears on the Everest, that speed is now directed upwards (or, infinitely worse, downwards). His horizontal component with respect to the Everest frame of reference is nil since he teleported from 90 degrees counter-rotation-wise, on an Everest that also moves at 1200 km/h with respect to the Earth's axis. The two velocities compound so that he takes off at a 45° retrograde angle with the speed of a supersonic bullet (480 m/s). He doesn't feel acceleration at all, but the air (and, if he's inside, the ceiling) will smash at him like a hammer.



              The nearer he comes to the Everest, the less the problem arises.



              Actually, he'd do very well by teleporting in short stints, one or two kilometers at the most, thereby also acclimating to the lower pressure. By the way, he'll still need oxygen and breathing gear, or he won't last long once he goes above the 5-6000 m level.



              This kind of problems are expounded in depth in Vernor Vinge's The Witling. Giri's people, the Azhiri, can teleport (reng) from one place to another, as long as they have been there (unless they're the super-powerful Federates), or reng objects from one place to wherever they are. The most skilled soldiers have visited the Poles, and can reng stones and pebbles - albeit only in one direction - with lethal results.







              share|improve this answer












              share|improve this answer



              share|improve this answer










              answered Dec 2 at 21:03









              LSerni

              25.2k24381




              25.2k24381






















                  up vote
                  3
                  down vote













                  Ignoring the potential changes in relative velocity (hopping from the pole to the equator would leave him moving at a speed of ~1600 kph in a westerly direction), I believe that ear-muffs would probably be sufficient to cope with the 'mechanical' effects of pressure change.



                  However, moving from sea-level to Everest or Lhasa may have a severe physiological effect. It takes a significant time to acclimatize to an altitude above ~3000 m (even ultra-fit climbers take several days to get to Everest base camp to acclimatize).



                  Your protagonist could almost immediately lose consciousness if making a rapid jump. This is a known risk. For example, tourists flying directly from Kathmandu (alt 1400 m) to Namche Bazaar (3400 m) or Khumjung (3800 m) often need oxygen on arrival. Teleporting from at or below sea level would exacerbate this risk.






                  share|improve this answer





















                  • You can hold your breath for over a minute not fainting. Similarly in case of a pressure drop in a plane you have a brief moment to apply an oxygen mask (but you need to be quick, you have just about 2 minutes to react properly, including overcoming a shock). So you will not faint immediately. If you can do the rescue in those 2 minutes, you're good. Travelling to Lhasa is a bit more of a problem though.
                    – Ister
                    Dec 3 at 8:37

















                  up vote
                  3
                  down vote













                  Ignoring the potential changes in relative velocity (hopping from the pole to the equator would leave him moving at a speed of ~1600 kph in a westerly direction), I believe that ear-muffs would probably be sufficient to cope with the 'mechanical' effects of pressure change.



                  However, moving from sea-level to Everest or Lhasa may have a severe physiological effect. It takes a significant time to acclimatize to an altitude above ~3000 m (even ultra-fit climbers take several days to get to Everest base camp to acclimatize).



                  Your protagonist could almost immediately lose consciousness if making a rapid jump. This is a known risk. For example, tourists flying directly from Kathmandu (alt 1400 m) to Namche Bazaar (3400 m) or Khumjung (3800 m) often need oxygen on arrival. Teleporting from at or below sea level would exacerbate this risk.






                  share|improve this answer





















                  • You can hold your breath for over a minute not fainting. Similarly in case of a pressure drop in a plane you have a brief moment to apply an oxygen mask (but you need to be quick, you have just about 2 minutes to react properly, including overcoming a shock). So you will not faint immediately. If you can do the rescue in those 2 minutes, you're good. Travelling to Lhasa is a bit more of a problem though.
                    – Ister
                    Dec 3 at 8:37















                  up vote
                  3
                  down vote










                  up vote
                  3
                  down vote









                  Ignoring the potential changes in relative velocity (hopping from the pole to the equator would leave him moving at a speed of ~1600 kph in a westerly direction), I believe that ear-muffs would probably be sufficient to cope with the 'mechanical' effects of pressure change.



                  However, moving from sea-level to Everest or Lhasa may have a severe physiological effect. It takes a significant time to acclimatize to an altitude above ~3000 m (even ultra-fit climbers take several days to get to Everest base camp to acclimatize).



                  Your protagonist could almost immediately lose consciousness if making a rapid jump. This is a known risk. For example, tourists flying directly from Kathmandu (alt 1400 m) to Namche Bazaar (3400 m) or Khumjung (3800 m) often need oxygen on arrival. Teleporting from at or below sea level would exacerbate this risk.






                  share|improve this answer












                  Ignoring the potential changes in relative velocity (hopping from the pole to the equator would leave him moving at a speed of ~1600 kph in a westerly direction), I believe that ear-muffs would probably be sufficient to cope with the 'mechanical' effects of pressure change.



                  However, moving from sea-level to Everest or Lhasa may have a severe physiological effect. It takes a significant time to acclimatize to an altitude above ~3000 m (even ultra-fit climbers take several days to get to Everest base camp to acclimatize).



                  Your protagonist could almost immediately lose consciousness if making a rapid jump. This is a known risk. For example, tourists flying directly from Kathmandu (alt 1400 m) to Namche Bazaar (3400 m) or Khumjung (3800 m) often need oxygen on arrival. Teleporting from at or below sea level would exacerbate this risk.







                  share|improve this answer












                  share|improve this answer



                  share|improve this answer










                  answered Dec 2 at 21:40









                  Penguino

                  6167




                  6167












                  • You can hold your breath for over a minute not fainting. Similarly in case of a pressure drop in a plane you have a brief moment to apply an oxygen mask (but you need to be quick, you have just about 2 minutes to react properly, including overcoming a shock). So you will not faint immediately. If you can do the rescue in those 2 minutes, you're good. Travelling to Lhasa is a bit more of a problem though.
                    – Ister
                    Dec 3 at 8:37




















                  • You can hold your breath for over a minute not fainting. Similarly in case of a pressure drop in a plane you have a brief moment to apply an oxygen mask (but you need to be quick, you have just about 2 minutes to react properly, including overcoming a shock). So you will not faint immediately. If you can do the rescue in those 2 minutes, you're good. Travelling to Lhasa is a bit more of a problem though.
                    – Ister
                    Dec 3 at 8:37


















                  You can hold your breath for over a minute not fainting. Similarly in case of a pressure drop in a plane you have a brief moment to apply an oxygen mask (but you need to be quick, you have just about 2 minutes to react properly, including overcoming a shock). So you will not faint immediately. If you can do the rescue in those 2 minutes, you're good. Travelling to Lhasa is a bit more of a problem though.
                  – Ister
                  Dec 3 at 8:37






                  You can hold your breath for over a minute not fainting. Similarly in case of a pressure drop in a plane you have a brief moment to apply an oxygen mask (but you need to be quick, you have just about 2 minutes to react properly, including overcoming a shock). So you will not faint immediately. If you can do the rescue in those 2 minutes, you're good. Travelling to Lhasa is a bit more of a problem though.
                  – Ister
                  Dec 3 at 8:37












                  up vote
                  3
                  down vote














                  Due to theological reason, the protagonist have to go back and forth between Jericho (258m under sea level) and Lhasa (3658m above sea level). What are the possible short term and long term effect for such trip ?




                  Fainting and death, respectively.



                  People have already told you about acclimatization to high altitudes. Truth be told though, going from Jericho to Lhasa instantaneously has less to do with mountain climbing and more to do with this:



                  I could post a pic of people in a depressurized airplane but I decided to be nice instead



                  People in airplanes survive (when they do) because of oxygen masks and repressurization due to the pilot taking the plane to lower altitudes. Your Darwin Award contestant, though... They might not faint in the first few seconds, but they will not survive such a sudden change in pressure without first aid and immediate access to an hyperbaric chamber. Even then, anoxia will take place. They might end up blind, deaf or paralyzed forever.



                  Going from Lhasa to Jericho is probably survivable, but not without consequences. A quick increase in blood oxygen levels without the time for acclimatization may in the very least knock the teleporter out of their senses.





                  The above would be valid if your hero could survive teleportation. The problematic part is this:




                  Both volume exchanged keep their momentum ignoring the difference in velocity of the Earth's rotation. Falling toward Earth on the south pole, and teleporting to the north pole will result in the protagonist still falling. Flying westward and teleporting to facing eastward, will cause the protagonist to shoot forward in the eastward direction at the same speed.




                  In your previous question, I pointed out the changes in speed relative to Earth that come with teleporting. I believe you added this to reduce the amount of problems you had. If so, it had the opposite effect.



                  In engineering, when you want something to lose speed gradually, you add brakes to it. If you want to stop something dead in its tracks, you add a wall in its path instead. In other words: if you character arrives with zero speed at the receiving end of the teleportation trip rather than shooting like a bat out of hell, from their point of view it will be exactly like hitting a wall at the speeds they would otherwise have. Hitting a wall at the speed of sound or above is a sure way to die.



                  If you handwave it by saying that you are stopping all the atoms in their body at the same time... You need to turn their kinectic energy into something else, and nature's favorite form of energy trade is heat. A 70kg person moving at 300m/s, for example, will have $ frac{70kg times (300m/s)^2}{2} = 3,150,000 joules$, or 875 watt-hours of kinectic energy relative to the ground. Transform all that into heat, and it's approximately equivalent to the energy release of 0.75 kilograms of TNT. That is almost enough to completely destroy a car, so imagine what it would do to a human body.



                  But you are not just zeroing out momentum to the ground. You are reversing it. So double everything I said above; That is, either double the impact felt by the teleporter, or double the energy release when they inevitably explode like a giant firecracker.






                  share|improve this answer



























                    up vote
                    3
                    down vote














                    Due to theological reason, the protagonist have to go back and forth between Jericho (258m under sea level) and Lhasa (3658m above sea level). What are the possible short term and long term effect for such trip ?




                    Fainting and death, respectively.



                    People have already told you about acclimatization to high altitudes. Truth be told though, going from Jericho to Lhasa instantaneously has less to do with mountain climbing and more to do with this:



                    I could post a pic of people in a depressurized airplane but I decided to be nice instead



                    People in airplanes survive (when they do) because of oxygen masks and repressurization due to the pilot taking the plane to lower altitudes. Your Darwin Award contestant, though... They might not faint in the first few seconds, but they will not survive such a sudden change in pressure without first aid and immediate access to an hyperbaric chamber. Even then, anoxia will take place. They might end up blind, deaf or paralyzed forever.



                    Going from Lhasa to Jericho is probably survivable, but not without consequences. A quick increase in blood oxygen levels without the time for acclimatization may in the very least knock the teleporter out of their senses.





                    The above would be valid if your hero could survive teleportation. The problematic part is this:




                    Both volume exchanged keep their momentum ignoring the difference in velocity of the Earth's rotation. Falling toward Earth on the south pole, and teleporting to the north pole will result in the protagonist still falling. Flying westward and teleporting to facing eastward, will cause the protagonist to shoot forward in the eastward direction at the same speed.




                    In your previous question, I pointed out the changes in speed relative to Earth that come with teleporting. I believe you added this to reduce the amount of problems you had. If so, it had the opposite effect.



                    In engineering, when you want something to lose speed gradually, you add brakes to it. If you want to stop something dead in its tracks, you add a wall in its path instead. In other words: if you character arrives with zero speed at the receiving end of the teleportation trip rather than shooting like a bat out of hell, from their point of view it will be exactly like hitting a wall at the speeds they would otherwise have. Hitting a wall at the speed of sound or above is a sure way to die.



                    If you handwave it by saying that you are stopping all the atoms in their body at the same time... You need to turn their kinectic energy into something else, and nature's favorite form of energy trade is heat. A 70kg person moving at 300m/s, for example, will have $ frac{70kg times (300m/s)^2}{2} = 3,150,000 joules$, or 875 watt-hours of kinectic energy relative to the ground. Transform all that into heat, and it's approximately equivalent to the energy release of 0.75 kilograms of TNT. That is almost enough to completely destroy a car, so imagine what it would do to a human body.



                    But you are not just zeroing out momentum to the ground. You are reversing it. So double everything I said above; That is, either double the impact felt by the teleporter, or double the energy release when they inevitably explode like a giant firecracker.






                    share|improve this answer

























                      up vote
                      3
                      down vote










                      up vote
                      3
                      down vote










                      Due to theological reason, the protagonist have to go back and forth between Jericho (258m under sea level) and Lhasa (3658m above sea level). What are the possible short term and long term effect for such trip ?




                      Fainting and death, respectively.



                      People have already told you about acclimatization to high altitudes. Truth be told though, going from Jericho to Lhasa instantaneously has less to do with mountain climbing and more to do with this:



                      I could post a pic of people in a depressurized airplane but I decided to be nice instead



                      People in airplanes survive (when they do) because of oxygen masks and repressurization due to the pilot taking the plane to lower altitudes. Your Darwin Award contestant, though... They might not faint in the first few seconds, but they will not survive such a sudden change in pressure without first aid and immediate access to an hyperbaric chamber. Even then, anoxia will take place. They might end up blind, deaf or paralyzed forever.



                      Going from Lhasa to Jericho is probably survivable, but not without consequences. A quick increase in blood oxygen levels without the time for acclimatization may in the very least knock the teleporter out of their senses.





                      The above would be valid if your hero could survive teleportation. The problematic part is this:




                      Both volume exchanged keep their momentum ignoring the difference in velocity of the Earth's rotation. Falling toward Earth on the south pole, and teleporting to the north pole will result in the protagonist still falling. Flying westward and teleporting to facing eastward, will cause the protagonist to shoot forward in the eastward direction at the same speed.




                      In your previous question, I pointed out the changes in speed relative to Earth that come with teleporting. I believe you added this to reduce the amount of problems you had. If so, it had the opposite effect.



                      In engineering, when you want something to lose speed gradually, you add brakes to it. If you want to stop something dead in its tracks, you add a wall in its path instead. In other words: if you character arrives with zero speed at the receiving end of the teleportation trip rather than shooting like a bat out of hell, from their point of view it will be exactly like hitting a wall at the speeds they would otherwise have. Hitting a wall at the speed of sound or above is a sure way to die.



                      If you handwave it by saying that you are stopping all the atoms in their body at the same time... You need to turn their kinectic energy into something else, and nature's favorite form of energy trade is heat. A 70kg person moving at 300m/s, for example, will have $ frac{70kg times (300m/s)^2}{2} = 3,150,000 joules$, or 875 watt-hours of kinectic energy relative to the ground. Transform all that into heat, and it's approximately equivalent to the energy release of 0.75 kilograms of TNT. That is almost enough to completely destroy a car, so imagine what it would do to a human body.



                      But you are not just zeroing out momentum to the ground. You are reversing it. So double everything I said above; That is, either double the impact felt by the teleporter, or double the energy release when they inevitably explode like a giant firecracker.






                      share|improve this answer















                      Due to theological reason, the protagonist have to go back and forth between Jericho (258m under sea level) and Lhasa (3658m above sea level). What are the possible short term and long term effect for such trip ?




                      Fainting and death, respectively.



                      People have already told you about acclimatization to high altitudes. Truth be told though, going from Jericho to Lhasa instantaneously has less to do with mountain climbing and more to do with this:



                      I could post a pic of people in a depressurized airplane but I decided to be nice instead



                      People in airplanes survive (when they do) because of oxygen masks and repressurization due to the pilot taking the plane to lower altitudes. Your Darwin Award contestant, though... They might not faint in the first few seconds, but they will not survive such a sudden change in pressure without first aid and immediate access to an hyperbaric chamber. Even then, anoxia will take place. They might end up blind, deaf or paralyzed forever.



                      Going from Lhasa to Jericho is probably survivable, but not without consequences. A quick increase in blood oxygen levels without the time for acclimatization may in the very least knock the teleporter out of their senses.





                      The above would be valid if your hero could survive teleportation. The problematic part is this:




                      Both volume exchanged keep their momentum ignoring the difference in velocity of the Earth's rotation. Falling toward Earth on the south pole, and teleporting to the north pole will result in the protagonist still falling. Flying westward and teleporting to facing eastward, will cause the protagonist to shoot forward in the eastward direction at the same speed.




                      In your previous question, I pointed out the changes in speed relative to Earth that come with teleporting. I believe you added this to reduce the amount of problems you had. If so, it had the opposite effect.



                      In engineering, when you want something to lose speed gradually, you add brakes to it. If you want to stop something dead in its tracks, you add a wall in its path instead. In other words: if you character arrives with zero speed at the receiving end of the teleportation trip rather than shooting like a bat out of hell, from their point of view it will be exactly like hitting a wall at the speeds they would otherwise have. Hitting a wall at the speed of sound or above is a sure way to die.



                      If you handwave it by saying that you are stopping all the atoms in their body at the same time... You need to turn their kinectic energy into something else, and nature's favorite form of energy trade is heat. A 70kg person moving at 300m/s, for example, will have $ frac{70kg times (300m/s)^2}{2} = 3,150,000 joules$, or 875 watt-hours of kinectic energy relative to the ground. Transform all that into heat, and it's approximately equivalent to the energy release of 0.75 kilograms of TNT. That is almost enough to completely destroy a car, so imagine what it would do to a human body.



                      But you are not just zeroing out momentum to the ground. You are reversing it. So double everything I said above; That is, either double the impact felt by the teleporter, or double the energy release when they inevitably explode like a giant firecracker.







                      share|improve this answer














                      share|improve this answer



                      share|improve this answer








                      edited Dec 3 at 10:36

























                      answered Dec 3 at 5:04









                      Renan

                      41.5k1194210




                      41.5k1194210






















                          up vote
                          2
                          down vote













                          The problem would come from constant repetition of pressure changes IMO although it's difficult to be sure.



                          The following articles discuss changes in barometric pressure due to weather. But in the case of almost instantaneous changes cause by teleportation, I'm sure your hero would experience problems to a greater degree.




                          Increased mortality followed large temperature increases and large
                          pressure drops both in summer and winter months. Decreased mortality
                          was observed after large pressure increases and large temperature
                          drops in summer. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19526921







                          Change in air pressure was significantly associated with onset of
                          Menière’s disease episodes, suggesting a potential triggering
                          mechanism in the inner ear. MD patients may possibly use air pressure
                          changes as an early warning system for vertigo attacks in the future.
                          https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4838262/







                          Although it's been indicated as a possible cause for everything from
                          changes in blood pressure to an increase in joint pain, it can be
                          difficult to pinpoint barometric pressure changes as the definitive
                          cause for these issues when so many other atmospheric changes — like
                          temperature, precipitation and wind speed and direction — often
                          accompany shifts in weather. https://www.mnn.com/health/fitness-well-being/blogs/how-changes-barometric-pressure-affect-your-body







                          share|improve this answer

























                            up vote
                            2
                            down vote













                            The problem would come from constant repetition of pressure changes IMO although it's difficult to be sure.



                            The following articles discuss changes in barometric pressure due to weather. But in the case of almost instantaneous changes cause by teleportation, I'm sure your hero would experience problems to a greater degree.




                            Increased mortality followed large temperature increases and large
                            pressure drops both in summer and winter months. Decreased mortality
                            was observed after large pressure increases and large temperature
                            drops in summer. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19526921







                            Change in air pressure was significantly associated with onset of
                            Menière’s disease episodes, suggesting a potential triggering
                            mechanism in the inner ear. MD patients may possibly use air pressure
                            changes as an early warning system for vertigo attacks in the future.
                            https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4838262/







                            Although it's been indicated as a possible cause for everything from
                            changes in blood pressure to an increase in joint pain, it can be
                            difficult to pinpoint barometric pressure changes as the definitive
                            cause for these issues when so many other atmospheric changes — like
                            temperature, precipitation and wind speed and direction — often
                            accompany shifts in weather. https://www.mnn.com/health/fitness-well-being/blogs/how-changes-barometric-pressure-affect-your-body







                            share|improve this answer























                              up vote
                              2
                              down vote










                              up vote
                              2
                              down vote









                              The problem would come from constant repetition of pressure changes IMO although it's difficult to be sure.



                              The following articles discuss changes in barometric pressure due to weather. But in the case of almost instantaneous changes cause by teleportation, I'm sure your hero would experience problems to a greater degree.




                              Increased mortality followed large temperature increases and large
                              pressure drops both in summer and winter months. Decreased mortality
                              was observed after large pressure increases and large temperature
                              drops in summer. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19526921







                              Change in air pressure was significantly associated with onset of
                              Menière’s disease episodes, suggesting a potential triggering
                              mechanism in the inner ear. MD patients may possibly use air pressure
                              changes as an early warning system for vertigo attacks in the future.
                              https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4838262/







                              Although it's been indicated as a possible cause for everything from
                              changes in blood pressure to an increase in joint pain, it can be
                              difficult to pinpoint barometric pressure changes as the definitive
                              cause for these issues when so many other atmospheric changes — like
                              temperature, precipitation and wind speed and direction — often
                              accompany shifts in weather. https://www.mnn.com/health/fitness-well-being/blogs/how-changes-barometric-pressure-affect-your-body







                              share|improve this answer












                              The problem would come from constant repetition of pressure changes IMO although it's difficult to be sure.



                              The following articles discuss changes in barometric pressure due to weather. But in the case of almost instantaneous changes cause by teleportation, I'm sure your hero would experience problems to a greater degree.




                              Increased mortality followed large temperature increases and large
                              pressure drops both in summer and winter months. Decreased mortality
                              was observed after large pressure increases and large temperature
                              drops in summer. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19526921







                              Change in air pressure was significantly associated with onset of
                              Menière’s disease episodes, suggesting a potential triggering
                              mechanism in the inner ear. MD patients may possibly use air pressure
                              changes as an early warning system for vertigo attacks in the future.
                              https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4838262/







                              Although it's been indicated as a possible cause for everything from
                              changes in blood pressure to an increase in joint pain, it can be
                              difficult to pinpoint barometric pressure changes as the definitive
                              cause for these issues when so many other atmospheric changes — like
                              temperature, precipitation and wind speed and direction — often
                              accompany shifts in weather. https://www.mnn.com/health/fitness-well-being/blogs/how-changes-barometric-pressure-affect-your-body








                              share|improve this answer












                              share|improve this answer



                              share|improve this answer










                              answered Dec 2 at 20:39









                              chasly from UK

                              10.3k347101




                              10.3k347101






















                                  up vote
                                  2
                                  down vote













                                  Have the teleportation chamber rigged with atmospheric gases, temp controls and capable of holding any habitable temp & pressure required. Prior to transport, sample the destination (transport back a small sample), then at a safe rate equilibrate the chamber to destination atmosphere & temperature, prior to the transfer across.



                                  If the sample indicates extraordinary arrangements are required, in terms of suiting, or indications of great hazard, adjustments can be made.



                                  Never fly blind.



                                  There should also be the ability to image the destination exhaustively prior to transport to determine there is space available in and around the destinatinon volumne.



                                  Without some sort of dampening, the instantaneous mdv could be harmful/lethal. there needs to be in the tranport arc, facility of 'ramping into' the displacement vector of the destination volume in toto. This must account for lateral movement across the surface of the planet as well as vector, v & dv for any translations across the surface relative to the surface.






                                  share|improve this answer



























                                    up vote
                                    2
                                    down vote













                                    Have the teleportation chamber rigged with atmospheric gases, temp controls and capable of holding any habitable temp & pressure required. Prior to transport, sample the destination (transport back a small sample), then at a safe rate equilibrate the chamber to destination atmosphere & temperature, prior to the transfer across.



                                    If the sample indicates extraordinary arrangements are required, in terms of suiting, or indications of great hazard, adjustments can be made.



                                    Never fly blind.



                                    There should also be the ability to image the destination exhaustively prior to transport to determine there is space available in and around the destinatinon volumne.



                                    Without some sort of dampening, the instantaneous mdv could be harmful/lethal. there needs to be in the tranport arc, facility of 'ramping into' the displacement vector of the destination volume in toto. This must account for lateral movement across the surface of the planet as well as vector, v & dv for any translations across the surface relative to the surface.






                                    share|improve this answer

























                                      up vote
                                      2
                                      down vote










                                      up vote
                                      2
                                      down vote









                                      Have the teleportation chamber rigged with atmospheric gases, temp controls and capable of holding any habitable temp & pressure required. Prior to transport, sample the destination (transport back a small sample), then at a safe rate equilibrate the chamber to destination atmosphere & temperature, prior to the transfer across.



                                      If the sample indicates extraordinary arrangements are required, in terms of suiting, or indications of great hazard, adjustments can be made.



                                      Never fly blind.



                                      There should also be the ability to image the destination exhaustively prior to transport to determine there is space available in and around the destinatinon volumne.



                                      Without some sort of dampening, the instantaneous mdv could be harmful/lethal. there needs to be in the tranport arc, facility of 'ramping into' the displacement vector of the destination volume in toto. This must account for lateral movement across the surface of the planet as well as vector, v & dv for any translations across the surface relative to the surface.






                                      share|improve this answer














                                      Have the teleportation chamber rigged with atmospheric gases, temp controls and capable of holding any habitable temp & pressure required. Prior to transport, sample the destination (transport back a small sample), then at a safe rate equilibrate the chamber to destination atmosphere & temperature, prior to the transfer across.



                                      If the sample indicates extraordinary arrangements are required, in terms of suiting, or indications of great hazard, adjustments can be made.



                                      Never fly blind.



                                      There should also be the ability to image the destination exhaustively prior to transport to determine there is space available in and around the destinatinon volumne.



                                      Without some sort of dampening, the instantaneous mdv could be harmful/lethal. there needs to be in the tranport arc, facility of 'ramping into' the displacement vector of the destination volume in toto. This must account for lateral movement across the surface of the planet as well as vector, v & dv for any translations across the surface relative to the surface.







                                      share|improve this answer














                                      share|improve this answer



                                      share|improve this answer








                                      edited Dec 3 at 7:05

























                                      answered Dec 3 at 3:04









                                      theRiley

                                      1,601214




                                      1,601214






























                                          draft saved

                                          draft discarded




















































                                          Thanks for contributing an answer to Worldbuilding Stack Exchange!


                                          • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

                                          But avoid



                                          • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

                                          • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.


                                          Use MathJax to format equations. MathJax reference.


                                          To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.





                                          Some of your past answers have not been well-received, and you're in danger of being blocked from answering.


                                          Please pay close attention to the following guidance:


                                          • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

                                          But avoid



                                          • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

                                          • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.


                                          To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




                                          draft saved


                                          draft discarded














                                          StackExchange.ready(
                                          function () {
                                          StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fworldbuilding.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f131789%2fteleportation-pressure-differences%23new-answer', 'question_page');
                                          }
                                          );

                                          Post as a guest















                                          Required, but never shown





















































                                          Required, but never shown














                                          Required, but never shown












                                          Required, but never shown







                                          Required, but never shown

































                                          Required, but never shown














                                          Required, but never shown












                                          Required, but never shown







                                          Required, but never shown







                                          Popular posts from this blog

                                          Probability when a professor distributes a quiz and homework assignment to a class of n students.

                                          Aardman Animations

                                          Are they similar matrix