Limit of goniometric function without l'Hospital's rule











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I'm trying figure this out without l'Hospital's rule. But I don't know how should I start. Any hint, please?



$$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }$$










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  • Your equation makes no sense. $sin$ needs an argument, at the very least.
    – David G. Stork
    Nov 20 at 22:31










  • Why isn't this trivially $0$? You have a constant in the denominator (which can be removed) and the numerator is clearly $0$.
    – David G. Stork
    Nov 20 at 22:33










  • answer in the book is 1/2. But I cannot solve it. Also in wolfram alpha..
    – Lukáš Frajt
    Nov 20 at 22:34












  • Shouldn't be the $1$ in the denominator replaced by $x$?
    – user376343
    Nov 20 at 22:47















up vote
0
down vote

favorite












I'm trying figure this out without l'Hospital's rule. But I don't know how should I start. Any hint, please?



$$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }$$










share|cite|improve this question
























  • Your equation makes no sense. $sin$ needs an argument, at the very least.
    – David G. Stork
    Nov 20 at 22:31










  • Why isn't this trivially $0$? You have a constant in the denominator (which can be removed) and the numerator is clearly $0$.
    – David G. Stork
    Nov 20 at 22:33










  • answer in the book is 1/2. But I cannot solve it. Also in wolfram alpha..
    – Lukáš Frajt
    Nov 20 at 22:34












  • Shouldn't be the $1$ in the denominator replaced by $x$?
    – user376343
    Nov 20 at 22:47













up vote
0
down vote

favorite









up vote
0
down vote

favorite











I'm trying figure this out without l'Hospital's rule. But I don't know how should I start. Any hint, please?



$$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }$$










share|cite|improve this question















I'm trying figure this out without l'Hospital's rule. But I don't know how should I start. Any hint, please?



$$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }$$







limits limits-without-lhopital






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edited Nov 20 at 22:54









gimusi

91k74495




91k74495










asked Nov 20 at 22:31









Lukáš Frajt

81




81












  • Your equation makes no sense. $sin$ needs an argument, at the very least.
    – David G. Stork
    Nov 20 at 22:31










  • Why isn't this trivially $0$? You have a constant in the denominator (which can be removed) and the numerator is clearly $0$.
    – David G. Stork
    Nov 20 at 22:33










  • answer in the book is 1/2. But I cannot solve it. Also in wolfram alpha..
    – Lukáš Frajt
    Nov 20 at 22:34












  • Shouldn't be the $1$ in the denominator replaced by $x$?
    – user376343
    Nov 20 at 22:47


















  • Your equation makes no sense. $sin$ needs an argument, at the very least.
    – David G. Stork
    Nov 20 at 22:31










  • Why isn't this trivially $0$? You have a constant in the denominator (which can be removed) and the numerator is clearly $0$.
    – David G. Stork
    Nov 20 at 22:33










  • answer in the book is 1/2. But I cannot solve it. Also in wolfram alpha..
    – Lukáš Frajt
    Nov 20 at 22:34












  • Shouldn't be the $1$ in the denominator replaced by $x$?
    – user376343
    Nov 20 at 22:47
















Your equation makes no sense. $sin$ needs an argument, at the very least.
– David G. Stork
Nov 20 at 22:31




Your equation makes no sense. $sin$ needs an argument, at the very least.
– David G. Stork
Nov 20 at 22:31












Why isn't this trivially $0$? You have a constant in the denominator (which can be removed) and the numerator is clearly $0$.
– David G. Stork
Nov 20 at 22:33




Why isn't this trivially $0$? You have a constant in the denominator (which can be removed) and the numerator is clearly $0$.
– David G. Stork
Nov 20 at 22:33












answer in the book is 1/2. But I cannot solve it. Also in wolfram alpha..
– Lukáš Frajt
Nov 20 at 22:34






answer in the book is 1/2. But I cannot solve it. Also in wolfram alpha..
– Lukáš Frajt
Nov 20 at 22:34














Shouldn't be the $1$ in the denominator replaced by $x$?
– user376343
Nov 20 at 22:47




Shouldn't be the $1$ in the denominator replaced by $x$?
– user376343
Nov 20 at 22:47










2 Answers
2






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2
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accepted










Set $t=frac pi2 - x,$
$$lim_{xto {piover 2}} frac {1-sin x}{(fracpi2 -x)^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {1-cos t}{t^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {2 sin ^2(t/2)}{4(t/2)^2}={1over 2}$$






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    up vote
    0
    down vote













    We have that



    $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }
    =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } frac {1+sin x}{1+sin x}
    =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1}{1+sin x}frac {sin^2left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } =frac12$$






    share|cite|improve this answer





















    • Is that right? we still have 0/0 in the second fraction
      – Lukáš Frajt
      Nov 20 at 23:07










    • @LukášFrajt The second fraction is in the form $yto 0 quad frac{sin^2 y}{y^2} to 1$.
      – gimusi
      Nov 20 at 23:09










    • @LukášFrajt The simpler way is note that $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-cos left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=frac12$$ by standard limits.
      – gimusi
      Nov 20 at 23:10








    • 1




      Got it, thank you!
      – Lukáš Frajt
      Nov 20 at 23:11











    Your Answer





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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes








    up vote
    2
    down vote



    accepted










    Set $t=frac pi2 - x,$
    $$lim_{xto {piover 2}} frac {1-sin x}{(fracpi2 -x)^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {1-cos t}{t^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {2 sin ^2(t/2)}{4(t/2)^2}={1over 2}$$






    share|cite|improve this answer



























      up vote
      2
      down vote



      accepted










      Set $t=frac pi2 - x,$
      $$lim_{xto {piover 2}} frac {1-sin x}{(fracpi2 -x)^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {1-cos t}{t^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {2 sin ^2(t/2)}{4(t/2)^2}={1over 2}$$






      share|cite|improve this answer

























        up vote
        2
        down vote



        accepted







        up vote
        2
        down vote



        accepted






        Set $t=frac pi2 - x,$
        $$lim_{xto {piover 2}} frac {1-sin x}{(fracpi2 -x)^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {1-cos t}{t^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {2 sin ^2(t/2)}{4(t/2)^2}={1over 2}$$






        share|cite|improve this answer














        Set $t=frac pi2 - x,$
        $$lim_{xto {piover 2}} frac {1-sin x}{(fracpi2 -x)^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {1-cos t}{t^2}=lim_{tto {0}} frac {2 sin ^2(t/2)}{4(t/2)^2}={1over 2}$$







        share|cite|improve this answer














        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer








        edited Nov 20 at 23:00

























        answered Nov 20 at 22:47









        user376343

        2,6412819




        2,6412819






















            up vote
            0
            down vote













            We have that



            $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }
            =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } frac {1+sin x}{1+sin x}
            =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1}{1+sin x}frac {sin^2left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } =frac12$$






            share|cite|improve this answer





















            • Is that right? we still have 0/0 in the second fraction
              – Lukáš Frajt
              Nov 20 at 23:07










            • @LukášFrajt The second fraction is in the form $yto 0 quad frac{sin^2 y}{y^2} to 1$.
              – gimusi
              Nov 20 at 23:09










            • @LukášFrajt The simpler way is note that $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-cos left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=frac12$$ by standard limits.
              – gimusi
              Nov 20 at 23:10








            • 1




              Got it, thank you!
              – Lukáš Frajt
              Nov 20 at 23:11















            up vote
            0
            down vote













            We have that



            $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }
            =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } frac {1+sin x}{1+sin x}
            =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1}{1+sin x}frac {sin^2left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } =frac12$$






            share|cite|improve this answer





















            • Is that right? we still have 0/0 in the second fraction
              – Lukáš Frajt
              Nov 20 at 23:07










            • @LukášFrajt The second fraction is in the form $yto 0 quad frac{sin^2 y}{y^2} to 1$.
              – gimusi
              Nov 20 at 23:09










            • @LukášFrajt The simpler way is note that $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-cos left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=frac12$$ by standard limits.
              – gimusi
              Nov 20 at 23:10








            • 1




              Got it, thank you!
              – Lukáš Frajt
              Nov 20 at 23:11













            up vote
            0
            down vote










            up vote
            0
            down vote









            We have that



            $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }
            =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } frac {1+sin x}{1+sin x}
            =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1}{1+sin x}frac {sin^2left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } =frac12$$






            share|cite|improve this answer












            We have that



            $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }
            =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } frac {1+sin x}{1+sin x}
            =lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1}{1+sin x}frac {sin^2left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 } =frac12$$







            share|cite|improve this answer












            share|cite|improve this answer



            share|cite|improve this answer










            answered Nov 20 at 22:52









            gimusi

            91k74495




            91k74495












            • Is that right? we still have 0/0 in the second fraction
              – Lukáš Frajt
              Nov 20 at 23:07










            • @LukášFrajt The second fraction is in the form $yto 0 quad frac{sin^2 y}{y^2} to 1$.
              – gimusi
              Nov 20 at 23:09










            • @LukášFrajt The simpler way is note that $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-cos left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=frac12$$ by standard limits.
              – gimusi
              Nov 20 at 23:10








            • 1




              Got it, thank you!
              – Lukáš Frajt
              Nov 20 at 23:11


















            • Is that right? we still have 0/0 in the second fraction
              – Lukáš Frajt
              Nov 20 at 23:07










            • @LukášFrajt The second fraction is in the form $yto 0 quad frac{sin^2 y}{y^2} to 1$.
              – gimusi
              Nov 20 at 23:09










            • @LukášFrajt The simpler way is note that $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-cos left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=frac12$$ by standard limits.
              – gimusi
              Nov 20 at 23:10








            • 1




              Got it, thank you!
              – Lukáš Frajt
              Nov 20 at 23:11
















            Is that right? we still have 0/0 in the second fraction
            – Lukáš Frajt
            Nov 20 at 23:07




            Is that right? we still have 0/0 in the second fraction
            – Lukáš Frajt
            Nov 20 at 23:07












            @LukášFrajt The second fraction is in the form $yto 0 quad frac{sin^2 y}{y^2} to 1$.
            – gimusi
            Nov 20 at 23:09




            @LukášFrajt The second fraction is in the form $yto 0 quad frac{sin^2 y}{y^2} to 1$.
            – gimusi
            Nov 20 at 23:09












            @LukášFrajt The simpler way is note that $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-cos left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=frac12$$ by standard limits.
            – gimusi
            Nov 20 at 23:10






            @LukášFrajt The simpler way is note that $$lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-sin x}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=lim_{xto frac{pi}2} frac {1-cos left(fracpi2 -xright)}{left(fracpi2 -xright)^2 }=frac12$$ by standard limits.
            – gimusi
            Nov 20 at 23:10






            1




            1




            Got it, thank you!
            – Lukáš Frajt
            Nov 20 at 23:11




            Got it, thank you!
            – Lukáš Frajt
            Nov 20 at 23:11


















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