How to rotate a coordinate system to find the unstable manifold.
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I am considering the dynamical system:
$u'=v-0.25(v-u)^2$
$v'=u(1+v)+0.25(u+v)^2$
I have calculated the linear stable and unstable manifold as,
$E^s=sp(1,1)$ and $E^u=sp(-1,1)$ for eigenvalues $-1$ and $1$ respectively. I did this by calculating the linear eigenvalues and vectors and then using the defintions for the linear stable and unstable manifolds:
$E^s$
is the eigenspace corresponding to the eigenvalues with negative real parts. Let $v_1, . . . , v_k ⊂ R^n$
be the eigenvectors corresponding to the eigenvalues of $D(bar{x})f$ having negative real parts.
$E^s = sp{v_1, . . . , v_k}$.
$E^u$ is equivalent for a positive eigenvalue.
I am now trying to calculate an approximation for the unstable manifold but believe I should transform my system so that the linear unstable manifold is of the form ${(x,0):xinRe} but I am unsure on how to this.
My initial idea was to let $y=tilde{y}-1$ but that doesn't satisfy the above for all y, which is where I am confused.
manifolds dynamical-systems coordinate-systems transformation stability-theory
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up vote
0
down vote
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I am considering the dynamical system:
$u'=v-0.25(v-u)^2$
$v'=u(1+v)+0.25(u+v)^2$
I have calculated the linear stable and unstable manifold as,
$E^s=sp(1,1)$ and $E^u=sp(-1,1)$ for eigenvalues $-1$ and $1$ respectively. I did this by calculating the linear eigenvalues and vectors and then using the defintions for the linear stable and unstable manifolds:
$E^s$
is the eigenspace corresponding to the eigenvalues with negative real parts. Let $v_1, . . . , v_k ⊂ R^n$
be the eigenvectors corresponding to the eigenvalues of $D(bar{x})f$ having negative real parts.
$E^s = sp{v_1, . . . , v_k}$.
$E^u$ is equivalent for a positive eigenvalue.
I am now trying to calculate an approximation for the unstable manifold but believe I should transform my system so that the linear unstable manifold is of the form ${(x,0):xinRe} but I am unsure on how to this.
My initial idea was to let $y=tilde{y}-1$ but that doesn't satisfy the above for all y, which is where I am confused.
manifolds dynamical-systems coordinate-systems transformation stability-theory
add a comment |
up vote
0
down vote
favorite
up vote
0
down vote
favorite
I am considering the dynamical system:
$u'=v-0.25(v-u)^2$
$v'=u(1+v)+0.25(u+v)^2$
I have calculated the linear stable and unstable manifold as,
$E^s=sp(1,1)$ and $E^u=sp(-1,1)$ for eigenvalues $-1$ and $1$ respectively. I did this by calculating the linear eigenvalues and vectors and then using the defintions for the linear stable and unstable manifolds:
$E^s$
is the eigenspace corresponding to the eigenvalues with negative real parts. Let $v_1, . . . , v_k ⊂ R^n$
be the eigenvectors corresponding to the eigenvalues of $D(bar{x})f$ having negative real parts.
$E^s = sp{v_1, . . . , v_k}$.
$E^u$ is equivalent for a positive eigenvalue.
I am now trying to calculate an approximation for the unstable manifold but believe I should transform my system so that the linear unstable manifold is of the form ${(x,0):xinRe} but I am unsure on how to this.
My initial idea was to let $y=tilde{y}-1$ but that doesn't satisfy the above for all y, which is where I am confused.
manifolds dynamical-systems coordinate-systems transformation stability-theory
I am considering the dynamical system:
$u'=v-0.25(v-u)^2$
$v'=u(1+v)+0.25(u+v)^2$
I have calculated the linear stable and unstable manifold as,
$E^s=sp(1,1)$ and $E^u=sp(-1,1)$ for eigenvalues $-1$ and $1$ respectively. I did this by calculating the linear eigenvalues and vectors and then using the defintions for the linear stable and unstable manifolds:
$E^s$
is the eigenspace corresponding to the eigenvalues with negative real parts. Let $v_1, . . . , v_k ⊂ R^n$
be the eigenvectors corresponding to the eigenvalues of $D(bar{x})f$ having negative real parts.
$E^s = sp{v_1, . . . , v_k}$.
$E^u$ is equivalent for a positive eigenvalue.
I am now trying to calculate an approximation for the unstable manifold but believe I should transform my system so that the linear unstable manifold is of the form ${(x,0):xinRe} but I am unsure on how to this.
My initial idea was to let $y=tilde{y}-1$ but that doesn't satisfy the above for all y, which is where I am confused.
manifolds dynamical-systems coordinate-systems transformation stability-theory
manifolds dynamical-systems coordinate-systems transformation stability-theory
asked Nov 13 at 9:49
KieranSQ
708
708
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1 Answer
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begin{align}
u'&=v-frac14(v-u)^2\
v'&=u(1+v)+frac14(u+v)^2
end{align}
With the transformation $U=u+v$, $V=u-v$ (there is no real need to use rotations, the scaling here doesn't hurt), you get
begin{align}
U'&=U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2\
V'&=-V-frac12U^2\
end{align}
The unstable manifold $mathcal{U}$ is, to linear approximation, $V=0$.
So to obtain better approximations, we can impose an ansatz
$$
V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots
$$
and see what invariance gives us. Differentiating, we get $V'=(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)U'$. Substituting for $U',V'$ from the differential equation (by invariance), we have
$$
-V-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)(U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2)
$$
and substituting our ansatz $V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots$,
begin{multline}
-(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)times\left(U-frac12(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)^2+frac12U^2right)
end{multline}
Equating coefficients,
begin{align}
-a_2-frac12&=2a_2&a_2&=-frac16\
-a_3&=a_2+3a_3 & a_3&=frac1{24}\
-a_4&=frac32a_3+4a_4 & a_4&=-frac1{80}\&&vdots
end{align}
Finally, you might want to transform back to the original $u,v$ coordinates.
Ok, I think I follow what you have done but why do you choose the transformation you do?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Shouldn't for the coeff $U^3: -a_3=a_2^2+3a_3+a_2$?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Where does the $a_2^2$ come from?
– user10354138
yesterday
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
1
down vote
begin{align}
u'&=v-frac14(v-u)^2\
v'&=u(1+v)+frac14(u+v)^2
end{align}
With the transformation $U=u+v$, $V=u-v$ (there is no real need to use rotations, the scaling here doesn't hurt), you get
begin{align}
U'&=U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2\
V'&=-V-frac12U^2\
end{align}
The unstable manifold $mathcal{U}$ is, to linear approximation, $V=0$.
So to obtain better approximations, we can impose an ansatz
$$
V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots
$$
and see what invariance gives us. Differentiating, we get $V'=(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)U'$. Substituting for $U',V'$ from the differential equation (by invariance), we have
$$
-V-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)(U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2)
$$
and substituting our ansatz $V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots$,
begin{multline}
-(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)times\left(U-frac12(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)^2+frac12U^2right)
end{multline}
Equating coefficients,
begin{align}
-a_2-frac12&=2a_2&a_2&=-frac16\
-a_3&=a_2+3a_3 & a_3&=frac1{24}\
-a_4&=frac32a_3+4a_4 & a_4&=-frac1{80}\&&vdots
end{align}
Finally, you might want to transform back to the original $u,v$ coordinates.
Ok, I think I follow what you have done but why do you choose the transformation you do?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Shouldn't for the coeff $U^3: -a_3=a_2^2+3a_3+a_2$?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Where does the $a_2^2$ come from?
– user10354138
yesterday
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
begin{align}
u'&=v-frac14(v-u)^2\
v'&=u(1+v)+frac14(u+v)^2
end{align}
With the transformation $U=u+v$, $V=u-v$ (there is no real need to use rotations, the scaling here doesn't hurt), you get
begin{align}
U'&=U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2\
V'&=-V-frac12U^2\
end{align}
The unstable manifold $mathcal{U}$ is, to linear approximation, $V=0$.
So to obtain better approximations, we can impose an ansatz
$$
V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots
$$
and see what invariance gives us. Differentiating, we get $V'=(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)U'$. Substituting for $U',V'$ from the differential equation (by invariance), we have
$$
-V-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)(U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2)
$$
and substituting our ansatz $V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots$,
begin{multline}
-(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)times\left(U-frac12(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)^2+frac12U^2right)
end{multline}
Equating coefficients,
begin{align}
-a_2-frac12&=2a_2&a_2&=-frac16\
-a_3&=a_2+3a_3 & a_3&=frac1{24}\
-a_4&=frac32a_3+4a_4 & a_4&=-frac1{80}\&&vdots
end{align}
Finally, you might want to transform back to the original $u,v$ coordinates.
Ok, I think I follow what you have done but why do you choose the transformation you do?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Shouldn't for the coeff $U^3: -a_3=a_2^2+3a_3+a_2$?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Where does the $a_2^2$ come from?
– user10354138
yesterday
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
up vote
1
down vote
begin{align}
u'&=v-frac14(v-u)^2\
v'&=u(1+v)+frac14(u+v)^2
end{align}
With the transformation $U=u+v$, $V=u-v$ (there is no real need to use rotations, the scaling here doesn't hurt), you get
begin{align}
U'&=U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2\
V'&=-V-frac12U^2\
end{align}
The unstable manifold $mathcal{U}$ is, to linear approximation, $V=0$.
So to obtain better approximations, we can impose an ansatz
$$
V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots
$$
and see what invariance gives us. Differentiating, we get $V'=(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)U'$. Substituting for $U',V'$ from the differential equation (by invariance), we have
$$
-V-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)(U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2)
$$
and substituting our ansatz $V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots$,
begin{multline}
-(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)times\left(U-frac12(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)^2+frac12U^2right)
end{multline}
Equating coefficients,
begin{align}
-a_2-frac12&=2a_2&a_2&=-frac16\
-a_3&=a_2+3a_3 & a_3&=frac1{24}\
-a_4&=frac32a_3+4a_4 & a_4&=-frac1{80}\&&vdots
end{align}
Finally, you might want to transform back to the original $u,v$ coordinates.
begin{align}
u'&=v-frac14(v-u)^2\
v'&=u(1+v)+frac14(u+v)^2
end{align}
With the transformation $U=u+v$, $V=u-v$ (there is no real need to use rotations, the scaling here doesn't hurt), you get
begin{align}
U'&=U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2\
V'&=-V-frac12U^2\
end{align}
The unstable manifold $mathcal{U}$ is, to linear approximation, $V=0$.
So to obtain better approximations, we can impose an ansatz
$$
V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots
$$
and see what invariance gives us. Differentiating, we get $V'=(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)U'$. Substituting for $U',V'$ from the differential equation (by invariance), we have
$$
-V-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)(U-frac12V^2+frac12U^2)
$$
and substituting our ansatz $V=a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots$,
begin{multline}
-(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)-frac12U^2 =(2a_2U+3a_3U^2+4a_4U^3+dots)times\left(U-frac12(a_2U^2+a_3U^3+a_4U^4+dots)^2+frac12U^2right)
end{multline}
Equating coefficients,
begin{align}
-a_2-frac12&=2a_2&a_2&=-frac16\
-a_3&=a_2+3a_3 & a_3&=frac1{24}\
-a_4&=frac32a_3+4a_4 & a_4&=-frac1{80}\&&vdots
end{align}
Finally, you might want to transform back to the original $u,v$ coordinates.
answered Nov 13 at 10:52
user10354138
6,214623
6,214623
Ok, I think I follow what you have done but why do you choose the transformation you do?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Shouldn't for the coeff $U^3: -a_3=a_2^2+3a_3+a_2$?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Where does the $a_2^2$ come from?
– user10354138
yesterday
add a comment |
Ok, I think I follow what you have done but why do you choose the transformation you do?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Shouldn't for the coeff $U^3: -a_3=a_2^2+3a_3+a_2$?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Where does the $a_2^2$ come from?
– user10354138
yesterday
Ok, I think I follow what you have done but why do you choose the transformation you do?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Ok, I think I follow what you have done but why do you choose the transformation you do?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Shouldn't for the coeff $U^3: -a_3=a_2^2+3a_3+a_2$?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Shouldn't for the coeff $U^3: -a_3=a_2^2+3a_3+a_2$?
– KieranSQ
2 days ago
Where does the $a_2^2$ come from?
– user10354138
yesterday
Where does the $a_2^2$ come from?
– user10354138
yesterday
add a comment |
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