Subspace of $alpha$ Holder continuous functions is Closed











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Let $Lambda_{alpha}([0,1])$ be the space of $alpha$ Holder continuous functions on $[0,1]$ with the norm:
$$|f|_{Lambda_{alpha}} = |f(0)| + sup_{x,y in [0,1], xneq y} frac{|f(x) - f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}$$
and consider the subspace $lambda_{alpha}$ given by
$$frac{|f(x) - f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} rightarrow 0 text{ as } x rightarrow y quad forall , yin[0,1]$$



I'm having trouble showing that for $alpha < 1$ this is an infinite dimensional closed subspace of $Lambda_{alpha}([0,1])$. I showed it was a subspace (as a vector space). Is there some theorem I should be using here? I started with a cauchy sequence in $lambda_{alpha}$ but I'm having trouble saying anything about its limit -- other than it lives in $Lambda_{alpha}$.





EDIT: Does this work?



Let $(f_n)$ be a Cauchy sequence in $lambda_{alpha}$.
begin{align}
frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} & = frac{|lim_{nrightarrow infty}f_{n}(x)-lim_{nrightarrow infty}f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} \
& = lim_{n rightarrow infty}frac{|f_{n}(x)-f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} rightarrow 0 text{ as } x rightarrow y
end{align}










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  • 1




    I suspect that $lambda_alpha$ equals the intersection $bigcap_{beta>alpha}Lambda_beta$.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 20 at 16:13










  • ah that's interesting I hadn't considered this
    – yoshi
    Nov 20 at 16:26










  • Yeah, that looks nice but beware. I am not that sure. Actually, now that I think a bit more about this, I think that it does not hold.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 20 at 16:51















up vote
1
down vote

favorite












Let $Lambda_{alpha}([0,1])$ be the space of $alpha$ Holder continuous functions on $[0,1]$ with the norm:
$$|f|_{Lambda_{alpha}} = |f(0)| + sup_{x,y in [0,1], xneq y} frac{|f(x) - f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}$$
and consider the subspace $lambda_{alpha}$ given by
$$frac{|f(x) - f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} rightarrow 0 text{ as } x rightarrow y quad forall , yin[0,1]$$



I'm having trouble showing that for $alpha < 1$ this is an infinite dimensional closed subspace of $Lambda_{alpha}([0,1])$. I showed it was a subspace (as a vector space). Is there some theorem I should be using here? I started with a cauchy sequence in $lambda_{alpha}$ but I'm having trouble saying anything about its limit -- other than it lives in $Lambda_{alpha}$.





EDIT: Does this work?



Let $(f_n)$ be a Cauchy sequence in $lambda_{alpha}$.
begin{align}
frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} & = frac{|lim_{nrightarrow infty}f_{n}(x)-lim_{nrightarrow infty}f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} \
& = lim_{n rightarrow infty}frac{|f_{n}(x)-f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} rightarrow 0 text{ as } x rightarrow y
end{align}










share|cite|improve this question




















  • 1




    I suspect that $lambda_alpha$ equals the intersection $bigcap_{beta>alpha}Lambda_beta$.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 20 at 16:13










  • ah that's interesting I hadn't considered this
    – yoshi
    Nov 20 at 16:26










  • Yeah, that looks nice but beware. I am not that sure. Actually, now that I think a bit more about this, I think that it does not hold.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 20 at 16:51













up vote
1
down vote

favorite









up vote
1
down vote

favorite











Let $Lambda_{alpha}([0,1])$ be the space of $alpha$ Holder continuous functions on $[0,1]$ with the norm:
$$|f|_{Lambda_{alpha}} = |f(0)| + sup_{x,y in [0,1], xneq y} frac{|f(x) - f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}$$
and consider the subspace $lambda_{alpha}$ given by
$$frac{|f(x) - f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} rightarrow 0 text{ as } x rightarrow y quad forall , yin[0,1]$$



I'm having trouble showing that for $alpha < 1$ this is an infinite dimensional closed subspace of $Lambda_{alpha}([0,1])$. I showed it was a subspace (as a vector space). Is there some theorem I should be using here? I started with a cauchy sequence in $lambda_{alpha}$ but I'm having trouble saying anything about its limit -- other than it lives in $Lambda_{alpha}$.





EDIT: Does this work?



Let $(f_n)$ be a Cauchy sequence in $lambda_{alpha}$.
begin{align}
frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} & = frac{|lim_{nrightarrow infty}f_{n}(x)-lim_{nrightarrow infty}f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} \
& = lim_{n rightarrow infty}frac{|f_{n}(x)-f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} rightarrow 0 text{ as } x rightarrow y
end{align}










share|cite|improve this question















Let $Lambda_{alpha}([0,1])$ be the space of $alpha$ Holder continuous functions on $[0,1]$ with the norm:
$$|f|_{Lambda_{alpha}} = |f(0)| + sup_{x,y in [0,1], xneq y} frac{|f(x) - f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}$$
and consider the subspace $lambda_{alpha}$ given by
$$frac{|f(x) - f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} rightarrow 0 text{ as } x rightarrow y quad forall , yin[0,1]$$



I'm having trouble showing that for $alpha < 1$ this is an infinite dimensional closed subspace of $Lambda_{alpha}([0,1])$. I showed it was a subspace (as a vector space). Is there some theorem I should be using here? I started with a cauchy sequence in $lambda_{alpha}$ but I'm having trouble saying anything about its limit -- other than it lives in $Lambda_{alpha}$.





EDIT: Does this work?



Let $(f_n)$ be a Cauchy sequence in $lambda_{alpha}$.
begin{align}
frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} & = frac{|lim_{nrightarrow infty}f_{n}(x)-lim_{nrightarrow infty}f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} \
& = lim_{n rightarrow infty}frac{|f_{n}(x)-f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} rightarrow 0 text{ as } x rightarrow y
end{align}







real-analysis functional-analysis






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edited Nov 20 at 16:25

























asked Nov 20 at 16:06









yoshi

1,158817




1,158817








  • 1




    I suspect that $lambda_alpha$ equals the intersection $bigcap_{beta>alpha}Lambda_beta$.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 20 at 16:13










  • ah that's interesting I hadn't considered this
    – yoshi
    Nov 20 at 16:26










  • Yeah, that looks nice but beware. I am not that sure. Actually, now that I think a bit more about this, I think that it does not hold.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 20 at 16:51














  • 1




    I suspect that $lambda_alpha$ equals the intersection $bigcap_{beta>alpha}Lambda_beta$.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 20 at 16:13










  • ah that's interesting I hadn't considered this
    – yoshi
    Nov 20 at 16:26










  • Yeah, that looks nice but beware. I am not that sure. Actually, now that I think a bit more about this, I think that it does not hold.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 20 at 16:51








1




1




I suspect that $lambda_alpha$ equals the intersection $bigcap_{beta>alpha}Lambda_beta$.
– Giuseppe Negro
Nov 20 at 16:13




I suspect that $lambda_alpha$ equals the intersection $bigcap_{beta>alpha}Lambda_beta$.
– Giuseppe Negro
Nov 20 at 16:13












ah that's interesting I hadn't considered this
– yoshi
Nov 20 at 16:26




ah that's interesting I hadn't considered this
– yoshi
Nov 20 at 16:26












Yeah, that looks nice but beware. I am not that sure. Actually, now that I think a bit more about this, I think that it does not hold.
– Giuseppe Negro
Nov 20 at 16:51




Yeah, that looks nice but beware. I am not that sure. Actually, now that I think a bit more about this, I think that it does not hold.
– Giuseppe Negro
Nov 20 at 16:51










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In your edit, you can insert a zero:
begin{align}
frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} &
le frac{|f(x)-f_{n}(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}+frac{|f_n(x)-f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} +frac{|f_n(y)-f(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}
end{align}

Choose $epsilon>0$. Then the first and last term are less than $epsilon/3$ for all $n$ large enough. Fix such an $n$. Then the second term is less than $epsilon/3$ for $|x-y|$ small enough. This shows that
$$ frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}le
epsilon
$$

for all $y$ close to $x$. This is the claim.






share|cite|improve this answer





















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    1 Answer
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    up vote
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    down vote



    accepted










    In your edit, you can insert a zero:
    begin{align}
    frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} &
    le frac{|f(x)-f_{n}(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}+frac{|f_n(x)-f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} +frac{|f_n(y)-f(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}
    end{align}

    Choose $epsilon>0$. Then the first and last term are less than $epsilon/3$ for all $n$ large enough. Fix such an $n$. Then the second term is less than $epsilon/3$ for $|x-y|$ small enough. This shows that
    $$ frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}le
    epsilon
    $$

    for all $y$ close to $x$. This is the claim.






    share|cite|improve this answer

























      up vote
      1
      down vote



      accepted










      In your edit, you can insert a zero:
      begin{align}
      frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} &
      le frac{|f(x)-f_{n}(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}+frac{|f_n(x)-f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} +frac{|f_n(y)-f(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}
      end{align}

      Choose $epsilon>0$. Then the first and last term are less than $epsilon/3$ for all $n$ large enough. Fix such an $n$. Then the second term is less than $epsilon/3$ for $|x-y|$ small enough. This shows that
      $$ frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}le
      epsilon
      $$

      for all $y$ close to $x$. This is the claim.






      share|cite|improve this answer























        up vote
        1
        down vote



        accepted







        up vote
        1
        down vote



        accepted






        In your edit, you can insert a zero:
        begin{align}
        frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} &
        le frac{|f(x)-f_{n}(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}+frac{|f_n(x)-f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} +frac{|f_n(y)-f(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}
        end{align}

        Choose $epsilon>0$. Then the first and last term are less than $epsilon/3$ for all $n$ large enough. Fix such an $n$. Then the second term is less than $epsilon/3$ for $|x-y|$ small enough. This shows that
        $$ frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}le
        epsilon
        $$

        for all $y$ close to $x$. This is the claim.






        share|cite|improve this answer












        In your edit, you can insert a zero:
        begin{align}
        frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} &
        le frac{|f(x)-f_{n}(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}+frac{|f_n(x)-f_{n}(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}} +frac{|f_n(y)-f(x)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}
        end{align}

        Choose $epsilon>0$. Then the first and last term are less than $epsilon/3$ for all $n$ large enough. Fix such an $n$. Then the second term is less than $epsilon/3$ for $|x-y|$ small enough. This shows that
        $$ frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^{alpha}}le
        epsilon
        $$

        for all $y$ close to $x$. This is the claim.







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered Nov 20 at 17:39









        daw

        23.9k1544




        23.9k1544






























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