Integration problem solving without contour integration












2














Can the following question be solved without using contour integration.



$F:(0,infty)times (0,infty)to Bbb R$ be given by



$F(alpha,beta)=displaystyleint_0^inftyfrac{cos(alpha x)}{x^4+beta^4},dx$



Show that



$frac{F(alpha,beta)}{F(beta,alpha)}=frac{alpha^3}{beta^3}$ as long as there is no positive integer n such that $alpha=frac{(4n-1)pisqrt{2}}{4beta}$










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  • I gave it a few tries, but I am not able to solve it by Feynman integration. Integrating by power series also seems unlikely to succeed. And obviously finding an anti-derivative is completely hopeless as it is not elementary.
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 13:45












  • @SmileyCraft. In fact, there is an explicit formula for the integral.
    – Claude Leibovici
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:11










  • @ClaudeLeibovici Yeah, but do you know of a way of finding it without contour integration? And all I said was there is no explicit formula for the antiderivative of the integrand.
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:15










  • @SmileyCraft. A CAS made it for me (the integral) ! The antiderivative is quite awful but doable in terms of sine and cosine integrals after partial fracion decomposition.
    – Claude Leibovici
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:18










  • @ClaudeLeibovici I meant that it is not elementary. But indeed there is an antiderivative, but there always is one for continuous functions. By the way, what is a CAS?
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:21
















2














Can the following question be solved without using contour integration.



$F:(0,infty)times (0,infty)to Bbb R$ be given by



$F(alpha,beta)=displaystyleint_0^inftyfrac{cos(alpha x)}{x^4+beta^4},dx$



Show that



$frac{F(alpha,beta)}{F(beta,alpha)}=frac{alpha^3}{beta^3}$ as long as there is no positive integer n such that $alpha=frac{(4n-1)pisqrt{2}}{4beta}$










share|cite|improve this question






















  • I gave it a few tries, but I am not able to solve it by Feynman integration. Integrating by power series also seems unlikely to succeed. And obviously finding an anti-derivative is completely hopeless as it is not elementary.
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 13:45












  • @SmileyCraft. In fact, there is an explicit formula for the integral.
    – Claude Leibovici
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:11










  • @ClaudeLeibovici Yeah, but do you know of a way of finding it without contour integration? And all I said was there is no explicit formula for the antiderivative of the integrand.
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:15










  • @SmileyCraft. A CAS made it for me (the integral) ! The antiderivative is quite awful but doable in terms of sine and cosine integrals after partial fracion decomposition.
    – Claude Leibovici
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:18










  • @ClaudeLeibovici I meant that it is not elementary. But indeed there is an antiderivative, but there always is one for continuous functions. By the way, what is a CAS?
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:21














2












2








2


2





Can the following question be solved without using contour integration.



$F:(0,infty)times (0,infty)to Bbb R$ be given by



$F(alpha,beta)=displaystyleint_0^inftyfrac{cos(alpha x)}{x^4+beta^4},dx$



Show that



$frac{F(alpha,beta)}{F(beta,alpha)}=frac{alpha^3}{beta^3}$ as long as there is no positive integer n such that $alpha=frac{(4n-1)pisqrt{2}}{4beta}$










share|cite|improve this question













Can the following question be solved without using contour integration.



$F:(0,infty)times (0,infty)to Bbb R$ be given by



$F(alpha,beta)=displaystyleint_0^inftyfrac{cos(alpha x)}{x^4+beta^4},dx$



Show that



$frac{F(alpha,beta)}{F(beta,alpha)}=frac{alpha^3}{beta^3}$ as long as there is no positive integer n such that $alpha=frac{(4n-1)pisqrt{2}}{4beta}$







integration improper-integrals self-learning contour-integration






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asked Dec 22 '18 at 12:56









Dhamnekar Winod

387414




387414












  • I gave it a few tries, but I am not able to solve it by Feynman integration. Integrating by power series also seems unlikely to succeed. And obviously finding an anti-derivative is completely hopeless as it is not elementary.
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 13:45












  • @SmileyCraft. In fact, there is an explicit formula for the integral.
    – Claude Leibovici
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:11










  • @ClaudeLeibovici Yeah, but do you know of a way of finding it without contour integration? And all I said was there is no explicit formula for the antiderivative of the integrand.
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:15










  • @SmileyCraft. A CAS made it for me (the integral) ! The antiderivative is quite awful but doable in terms of sine and cosine integrals after partial fracion decomposition.
    – Claude Leibovici
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:18










  • @ClaudeLeibovici I meant that it is not elementary. But indeed there is an antiderivative, but there always is one for continuous functions. By the way, what is a CAS?
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:21


















  • I gave it a few tries, but I am not able to solve it by Feynman integration. Integrating by power series also seems unlikely to succeed. And obviously finding an anti-derivative is completely hopeless as it is not elementary.
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 13:45












  • @SmileyCraft. In fact, there is an explicit formula for the integral.
    – Claude Leibovici
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:11










  • @ClaudeLeibovici Yeah, but do you know of a way of finding it without contour integration? And all I said was there is no explicit formula for the antiderivative of the integrand.
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:15










  • @SmileyCraft. A CAS made it for me (the integral) ! The antiderivative is quite awful but doable in terms of sine and cosine integrals after partial fracion decomposition.
    – Claude Leibovici
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:18










  • @ClaudeLeibovici I meant that it is not elementary. But indeed there is an antiderivative, but there always is one for continuous functions. By the way, what is a CAS?
    – SmileyCraft
    Dec 22 '18 at 15:21
















I gave it a few tries, but I am not able to solve it by Feynman integration. Integrating by power series also seems unlikely to succeed. And obviously finding an anti-derivative is completely hopeless as it is not elementary.
– SmileyCraft
Dec 22 '18 at 13:45






I gave it a few tries, but I am not able to solve it by Feynman integration. Integrating by power series also seems unlikely to succeed. And obviously finding an anti-derivative is completely hopeless as it is not elementary.
– SmileyCraft
Dec 22 '18 at 13:45














@SmileyCraft. In fact, there is an explicit formula for the integral.
– Claude Leibovici
Dec 22 '18 at 15:11




@SmileyCraft. In fact, there is an explicit formula for the integral.
– Claude Leibovici
Dec 22 '18 at 15:11












@ClaudeLeibovici Yeah, but do you know of a way of finding it without contour integration? And all I said was there is no explicit formula for the antiderivative of the integrand.
– SmileyCraft
Dec 22 '18 at 15:15




@ClaudeLeibovici Yeah, but do you know of a way of finding it without contour integration? And all I said was there is no explicit formula for the antiderivative of the integrand.
– SmileyCraft
Dec 22 '18 at 15:15












@SmileyCraft. A CAS made it for me (the integral) ! The antiderivative is quite awful but doable in terms of sine and cosine integrals after partial fracion decomposition.
– Claude Leibovici
Dec 22 '18 at 15:18




@SmileyCraft. A CAS made it for me (the integral) ! The antiderivative is quite awful but doable in terms of sine and cosine integrals after partial fracion decomposition.
– Claude Leibovici
Dec 22 '18 at 15:18












@ClaudeLeibovici I meant that it is not elementary. But indeed there is an antiderivative, but there always is one for continuous functions. By the way, what is a CAS?
– SmileyCraft
Dec 22 '18 at 15:21




@ClaudeLeibovici I meant that it is not elementary. But indeed there is an antiderivative, but there always is one for continuous functions. By the way, what is a CAS?
– SmileyCraft
Dec 22 '18 at 15:21










2 Answers
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To answer your question concerning why the quotient
$$frac{F(alpha, beta)}{F(beta, alpha)} = frac{alpha^3}{beta^3},$$
is only defined provided
$$alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4b},$$
where $n in mathbb{N}$, it is helpful if one has the explicit expression for $F$ at hand.



Using the Residue Theorem a value for $F(alpha, beta)$ can be found. It is given by (for a proof of this, see here)
$$F (alpha, beta) = frac{pi}{2 alpha^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$
Similarly,
$$F (beta, alpha) = frac{pi}{2 beta^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$



If the required quotient is to be defined, clearly $F (beta, alpha) neq 0$. Thus the sine term appearing in the expression for $F(beta, alpha)$ must be non-zero. Thus
$$frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} neq n pi quad text{or} quad alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4 beta},$$
where $n in mathbb{N}$, as required.






share|cite|improve this answer





























    4














    Switching to integration parameter $t=frac{alpha}{beta}x$ gives $$F(alpha,beta)=displaystyleint_0^inftyfrac{cos(beta t)}{(frac{beta}{alpha}t)^4+beta^4},frac{beta}{alpha},dt=frac{alpha^3}{beta^3}F(beta,alpha)$$






    share|cite|improve this answer



















    • 1




      ,what about the condition of positive integer n?
      – Dhamnekar Winod
      Dec 22 '18 at 16:03












    • As mentioned by Zachary, for such a special $bf{n}$ one has $F(alpha,beta)=F(beta,alpha)=0$, so their quotient is undefined. Rewriting the equation as ${beta}^3F(alpha,beta)={alpha}^3F(beta,alpha)$ avoids that problem.
      – random
      Dec 23 '18 at 1:26











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    2 Answers
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    2 Answers
    2






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    active

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    0














    To answer your question concerning why the quotient
    $$frac{F(alpha, beta)}{F(beta, alpha)} = frac{alpha^3}{beta^3},$$
    is only defined provided
    $$alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4b},$$
    where $n in mathbb{N}$, it is helpful if one has the explicit expression for $F$ at hand.



    Using the Residue Theorem a value for $F(alpha, beta)$ can be found. It is given by (for a proof of this, see here)
    $$F (alpha, beta) = frac{pi}{2 alpha^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$
    Similarly,
    $$F (beta, alpha) = frac{pi}{2 beta^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$



    If the required quotient is to be defined, clearly $F (beta, alpha) neq 0$. Thus the sine term appearing in the expression for $F(beta, alpha)$ must be non-zero. Thus
    $$frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} neq n pi quad text{or} quad alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4 beta},$$
    where $n in mathbb{N}$, as required.






    share|cite|improve this answer


























      0














      To answer your question concerning why the quotient
      $$frac{F(alpha, beta)}{F(beta, alpha)} = frac{alpha^3}{beta^3},$$
      is only defined provided
      $$alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4b},$$
      where $n in mathbb{N}$, it is helpful if one has the explicit expression for $F$ at hand.



      Using the Residue Theorem a value for $F(alpha, beta)$ can be found. It is given by (for a proof of this, see here)
      $$F (alpha, beta) = frac{pi}{2 alpha^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$
      Similarly,
      $$F (beta, alpha) = frac{pi}{2 beta^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$



      If the required quotient is to be defined, clearly $F (beta, alpha) neq 0$. Thus the sine term appearing in the expression for $F(beta, alpha)$ must be non-zero. Thus
      $$frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} neq n pi quad text{or} quad alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4 beta},$$
      where $n in mathbb{N}$, as required.






      share|cite|improve this answer
























        0












        0








        0






        To answer your question concerning why the quotient
        $$frac{F(alpha, beta)}{F(beta, alpha)} = frac{alpha^3}{beta^3},$$
        is only defined provided
        $$alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4b},$$
        where $n in mathbb{N}$, it is helpful if one has the explicit expression for $F$ at hand.



        Using the Residue Theorem a value for $F(alpha, beta)$ can be found. It is given by (for a proof of this, see here)
        $$F (alpha, beta) = frac{pi}{2 alpha^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$
        Similarly,
        $$F (beta, alpha) = frac{pi}{2 beta^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$



        If the required quotient is to be defined, clearly $F (beta, alpha) neq 0$. Thus the sine term appearing in the expression for $F(beta, alpha)$ must be non-zero. Thus
        $$frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} neq n pi quad text{or} quad alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4 beta},$$
        where $n in mathbb{N}$, as required.






        share|cite|improve this answer












        To answer your question concerning why the quotient
        $$frac{F(alpha, beta)}{F(beta, alpha)} = frac{alpha^3}{beta^3},$$
        is only defined provided
        $$alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4b},$$
        where $n in mathbb{N}$, it is helpful if one has the explicit expression for $F$ at hand.



        Using the Residue Theorem a value for $F(alpha, beta)$ can be found. It is given by (for a proof of this, see here)
        $$F (alpha, beta) = frac{pi}{2 alpha^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$
        Similarly,
        $$F (beta, alpha) = frac{pi}{2 beta^3} exp left (-frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} right ) sin left (frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} right ), qquad alpha, beta > 0.$$



        If the required quotient is to be defined, clearly $F (beta, alpha) neq 0$. Thus the sine term appearing in the expression for $F(beta, alpha)$ must be non-zero. Thus
        $$frac{alpha beta}{sqrt{2}} + frac{pi}{4} neq n pi quad text{or} quad alpha neq frac{(4n - 1) pi sqrt{2}}{4 beta},$$
        where $n in mathbb{N}$, as required.







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered Dec 23 '18 at 9:40









        omegadot

        4,7222727




        4,7222727























            4














            Switching to integration parameter $t=frac{alpha}{beta}x$ gives $$F(alpha,beta)=displaystyleint_0^inftyfrac{cos(beta t)}{(frac{beta}{alpha}t)^4+beta^4},frac{beta}{alpha},dt=frac{alpha^3}{beta^3}F(beta,alpha)$$






            share|cite|improve this answer



















            • 1




              ,what about the condition of positive integer n?
              – Dhamnekar Winod
              Dec 22 '18 at 16:03












            • As mentioned by Zachary, for such a special $bf{n}$ one has $F(alpha,beta)=F(beta,alpha)=0$, so their quotient is undefined. Rewriting the equation as ${beta}^3F(alpha,beta)={alpha}^3F(beta,alpha)$ avoids that problem.
              – random
              Dec 23 '18 at 1:26
















            4














            Switching to integration parameter $t=frac{alpha}{beta}x$ gives $$F(alpha,beta)=displaystyleint_0^inftyfrac{cos(beta t)}{(frac{beta}{alpha}t)^4+beta^4},frac{beta}{alpha},dt=frac{alpha^3}{beta^3}F(beta,alpha)$$






            share|cite|improve this answer



















            • 1




              ,what about the condition of positive integer n?
              – Dhamnekar Winod
              Dec 22 '18 at 16:03












            • As mentioned by Zachary, for such a special $bf{n}$ one has $F(alpha,beta)=F(beta,alpha)=0$, so their quotient is undefined. Rewriting the equation as ${beta}^3F(alpha,beta)={alpha}^3F(beta,alpha)$ avoids that problem.
              – random
              Dec 23 '18 at 1:26














            4












            4








            4






            Switching to integration parameter $t=frac{alpha}{beta}x$ gives $$F(alpha,beta)=displaystyleint_0^inftyfrac{cos(beta t)}{(frac{beta}{alpha}t)^4+beta^4},frac{beta}{alpha},dt=frac{alpha^3}{beta^3}F(beta,alpha)$$






            share|cite|improve this answer














            Switching to integration parameter $t=frac{alpha}{beta}x$ gives $$F(alpha,beta)=displaystyleint_0^inftyfrac{cos(beta t)}{(frac{beta}{alpha}t)^4+beta^4},frac{beta}{alpha},dt=frac{alpha^3}{beta^3}F(beta,alpha)$$







            share|cite|improve this answer














            share|cite|improve this answer



            share|cite|improve this answer








            edited Dec 22 '18 at 14:00

























            answered Dec 22 '18 at 13:55









            random

            50626




            50626








            • 1




              ,what about the condition of positive integer n?
              – Dhamnekar Winod
              Dec 22 '18 at 16:03












            • As mentioned by Zachary, for such a special $bf{n}$ one has $F(alpha,beta)=F(beta,alpha)=0$, so their quotient is undefined. Rewriting the equation as ${beta}^3F(alpha,beta)={alpha}^3F(beta,alpha)$ avoids that problem.
              – random
              Dec 23 '18 at 1:26














            • 1




              ,what about the condition of positive integer n?
              – Dhamnekar Winod
              Dec 22 '18 at 16:03












            • As mentioned by Zachary, for such a special $bf{n}$ one has $F(alpha,beta)=F(beta,alpha)=0$, so their quotient is undefined. Rewriting the equation as ${beta}^3F(alpha,beta)={alpha}^3F(beta,alpha)$ avoids that problem.
              – random
              Dec 23 '18 at 1:26








            1




            1




            ,what about the condition of positive integer n?
            – Dhamnekar Winod
            Dec 22 '18 at 16:03






            ,what about the condition of positive integer n?
            – Dhamnekar Winod
            Dec 22 '18 at 16:03














            As mentioned by Zachary, for such a special $bf{n}$ one has $F(alpha,beta)=F(beta,alpha)=0$, so their quotient is undefined. Rewriting the equation as ${beta}^3F(alpha,beta)={alpha}^3F(beta,alpha)$ avoids that problem.
            – random
            Dec 23 '18 at 1:26




            As mentioned by Zachary, for such a special $bf{n}$ one has $F(alpha,beta)=F(beta,alpha)=0$, so their quotient is undefined. Rewriting the equation as ${beta}^3F(alpha,beta)={alpha}^3F(beta,alpha)$ avoids that problem.
            – random
            Dec 23 '18 at 1:26


















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